Bahai Library Online

Chronology of the Bahá'í Faith

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Date 1890, sorted by date, descending

date event tags firsts
1890 Nov
189-		 Nabíl presented his chronicle, The Dawn-Breakers, to Bahá'u'lláh and `Abdu'l-Bahá for approval. [DBXXXVII] Akka, Israel; Dawn-Breakers (book); Nabil-i-Azam
1890 Aug-Sep
189-		 Mullá Hasan and his two brothers were arrested and beaten in Sarcháh, Bírjand. [BW18:383] * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; Bírjand, Iran; Iran
1890 15–20 Apr
189-		 E. G. Browne was granted four successive interviews with Bahá'u'lláh at Bahjí. [BBD43; BBR225; BKG371; GPB193]
  • See BBR225–32 for Browne's own account of the visit.
  • See BBR229–31, BKG371–3 and DH110 for Browne's pen portrait of Bahá'u'lláh.
  • 'Abdu'l-Bahá gave Browne the manuscript of A Traveller's Narrative: the Episode of the Báb in the handwriting of Zaynu'l-Muqarrabín for him to translate. [EGB54, BW11p510]
  • BFA1:445; Balyuzi, Edward Granville Browne and The Bahá'í Faith and Momen, Selections From the Writings of E. G. Browne.
  • E.G. Browne was also in the presence of Bahá'u'lláh in the Junayn Garden (occurred some time during his five day visit to Bahjí from April 15th to April 20th in 1890). [Reflections on the Bahá'í Writings.]
    		•  * Bahaullah (chronology); Akka, Israel; Bahá'u'lláh, Pen portraits of; Bahji, Israel; E. G. Browne; Junayn gardens (Israel); Pen portraits; Portraits; Travelers Narrative (book); Zaynu'l-Muqarrabín (Mullá Zaynul-ʻÁbidín)
    1890 1 Apr
    189-    		 Bahá'u'lláh visited Haifa for a third time. He spent about two weeks there on this visit. [BBD94; BPP173; DH109; GPB194; RB4:351]
  • He first stayed near Bayt-i-Zahlán, near the town. [BKG374]
  • He then moved to Oliphant House in the German colony. His tent was pitched on a piece of land opposite (currently on Ben Gurion 6). The plot upon which the tent of Bahá'u'lláh was pitched, is now a centre for soldiers named General Pierre Koenig Soldier Centre. [BKG374; BPP173]
  • A photo of the Oliphant House as it stands today.
    		•  * Bahaullah (chronology); Bayt-i-Zahlan; Haifa, Israel; Oliphant House (Haifa); Templer Society (German Templer colony); Tents
    1890 Mar
    189-    		 Násiri'd-Dín Sháh entered into contract of 50 years duration with British interests that would provide him with an annual payment plus 25% of the profits for the production and sale of tobacco. Prior to this, in the 1870s and 1880s the country's telegraph and mail systems, its fisheries, and many of its mines were sold to Western, mostly British, interests.
  • Opposition, fomented by Britain's rival Russia, came from merchants and shopkeepers who anticipated higher prices and feared being marginalized if the tobacco trade were to pass into the hands of foreigners. Many of the ulama supported the resistance, in part from fear of foreign influence and some because they owned land, either privately of on religious property, that grew tobacco. Articulated as a struggle in defense of Islam against foreign intrusion, the movement quickly became a popular one. At that time about one third of the population of 8 million used tobacco.
  • The movement first flared up in Shiraz, the centre of Iran's main tobacco-growing region and then Tabriz in the north of the country that was under heavy Russian influence. Isfahan and Mashhad soon followed in popular clergy-led agitation. The protest movement culminated when the ulama declared tobacco itself unclean and smoking religiously impermissible. Ordinary Iranians, frustrated at the mismanagement and misery prevalent in the country, massively heeded the call. People throughout the country gave up smoking.
  • In January 1892 the Shah rescinded the concession and was forced to compensate the tobacco company for its losses. The Qajar government had to take out a £500,000 loan to cover the cost.
  • The Tobacco Revolt is considered a landmark event in Iran's modern history. It is often seen as the first episode in which common people showed an awareness of a collective identity and were successful in mobilizing disparate groups around a common cause. [Encyclopedia] [Wikipedia]
  • See 'Abdu'l-Bahá's comments on the insurrection that saw the clergy's involvement in the affairs of state in His Treatise on Politics.
    		•  Colonialism and imperialism; History (general); Iran; Iran, General history; Nasirid-Din Sháh; Risaliy-i-Siyasiyyih (Treatise on Leadership); Smoking (tobacco); Tobacco Revolt
    1890 25 Feb
    189-    		 Seven Bahá'ís from Sidih who had gone to Tihrán to petition the Sháh for protection, secured a decree from him permitting them to return home. When they try to enter Sidih they were killed. [BBRXXIX, 285–9; BW18:383] * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution; - Persecution, Deaths; Iran; Petitions; Sidih, Iran; Tehran, Iran
    1890 (In the year)
    189-    		 A number of people of the Jewish, Zoroastrian and Buddhist Faiths became Bahá'ís. [BBR248–9; GPB195] - Buddhism; - Judaism; - Zoroastrianism; Conversion; Interfaith dialogue; Jews
    1890 c.
    189-    		 E. G. Browne was in `Akká. Bahá'u'lláh was staying in the Templer colony in Haifa when he arrived. [BBR253] * Bahaullah (chronology); Akka, Israel; E. G. Browne; Haifa, Israel; Templer Society (German Templer colony)
    1890 c.
    189-    		 Ibrahim George Kheiralla (Khayru'lláh) became a Bahá'í in Cairo under the tutelage of `Abdu'l-Karím-i-Tihrání. [BFA1:19]
  • It was probable that he was the first Bahá'í from Syrian Christian background. [BFA19]
  • See BFA1:175 for pictures.
    		•  - Christianity; - First believers by background; Cairo, Egypt; Conversion; Egypt; Ibrahim George Kheiralla; Interfaith dialogue first Bahá'í from Syrian Christian background
    1890 (In the year)
    189-    		 Hájí Ákhúnd, Hájí Amín and Ibn-i-Abhar were arrested. Hájí Ákhúnd was imprisoned in Tihrán for two years; Hájí Amín was imprisoned in Qazvín for two years; and Ibn-i-Abhar was imprisoned in Tihrán for four years. [BW18:383–4]

    Mírzá Mahmúd-i-Furúghí was arrested in Furúghí and sent to Mashhad. From there he was sent to Kalát-i-Nadírí where he was imprisoned for two years. [BW18:384]

    In Mashhad a mob set out to kill Mírzá Husayn-i-Bajistání, but failing to find him they looted his shop. [BW18:384]

    		 * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution; - Persecution, Mobs; Hájí Ákhúnd (Mullá `Alí-Akbar-i-Shahmírzádí); Hájí Amin (Abu'l-Hasan-i-Ardikani); Ibn-i-Abhar (Mulla Muhammad Taqi); Iran; Kalat-i-Nadiri, Iran; Mashhad, Iran; Mírzá Husayn-i-Bajistani; Mírzá Mahmud-i-Furughi; Qazvin, Iran; Tehran, Iran
    1890 (In the year)
    189-    		 By 1890 about a thousand Bahá'ís had settled in `Ishqábád. [BBRSM91, SDOH99] Ashgabat; Statistics; Turkmenistan
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