Bahai Library Online

Chronology of the Bahá'í Faith

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Date 2024, sorted by date, descending

date event tags firsts
2024 Dec
202-
An analysis of December’s hate speech trends in Iran underscored the persistence of systematic discrimination in Iran’s cyberspace, fueled by both government propaganda and divisive political factions. From targeting ethnic minorities to suppressing religious freedoms, Iranian online discourse reflects deep-seated societal and institutional prejudices.

To illustrate:
-Sexist and misogynistic terms saw an 11 per cent increase compared to the previous month, reaching 410,000 instances across social media platforms.
-Monarchist-affiliated hashtags also featured prominently in this content.
-Nearly 3,000 anti-Christian posts were published in Persian cyberspace in December, reflecting a 50 percent increase from the prior month. The most notable spike occurred during Christmas celebrations.
-Anti-Semitic rhetoric persisted as well, with over 23,000 posts targeting Jews in December. These narratives often echoed broader government-backed themes of international conspiracy.
-Zoroastrians were also targeted, with 2,300 posts monitored,
-The Sunni Muslim community was targeted with some 3,200 posts.
-Hate speech against Bahá'ís remained ingrained in Iranian state media and social media, with at least 2,500 posts monitored in December. Reports from Mehr News and Mashregh were two examples of anti-Bahá'í propaganda. One Mehr report celebrated the actions of a cleric, Mahdi Shahverdi, who reportedly travels across the country to counter “covert activities” by Bahá'ís. Another story in Mashregh attempted to link the Bahá'ís in Iran with a recent YouTube concert given by Pasatoo Ahmadi, in which the female singer appeared unveiled. [IranWire 10Jan25]

* Persecution, Iran; Hate Speech
2024 23 Dec
202-
Remi Rohani, a senior Bahá'i dignitary was arrested at the Hamad International Airport in Doha, Qatar while leaving the country for a short holiday. He is a highly respected Qatari citizen who has served his country with distinction for decades—most recently as Director of the International Chamber of Commerce’s Middle East and North Africa regional office. This action marks an arbitrary escalation after decades of discrimination against the Baha’is in Qatar merely on account of their religion.

In April 2021, a Qatari court framed Mr. Rowhani in a prejudicial case judged in absentia. The ruling was confirmed in May 2022 by an appeals court. In response to international concern, Qatari officials had given assurances that Mr. Rowhani’s one-month prison sentence and $13,700 fine would not be enforced, and he had been assured just week prior that he was free to travel. These actions marked an arbitrary escalation after decades of discrimination against the Bahá'ís in Qatar merely on account of their religion.

For over eight years, Mr. Rowhani has served as chairperson of the National Assembly of the Baha’is of Qatar, a pastoral voluntary role addressing the spiritual and administrative needs of the Baha’i religious community—which has existed in Qatar for over 80 years. His detention is emblematic of the broader pattern of discrimination faced by Baha’i community members in Qatar. [BIC Post on X; BIC News 30 December 2024]

See the interview with his daughter, Nora Rowhani, on YouTube..

Persecution, Qatar; Remy Rowhani
2024 13 Dec
202-
The arrest of Reza Khandan by the Iranian security forces. An activist, artist, father he is the husband of the Sakharov Prize for the Freedom of Thought laureate Nasrin Sotoudeh. He faced three-and-a-half more years of an existing sentence (on top of time already served) for supporting women’s rights in Iran.

In 2018, a few months after Nasrin was imprisoned for her legal work representing women who protested Iran’s compulsory hijab laws, Reza and fellow activist Farhad Meysami were arrested for making thousands of buttons that said in Farsi, “I Oppose the Mandatory Hijab.” Reza was charged with “spreading propaganda against the system” and “colluding to commit crimes against national security,” for speaking out about Nasrin’s arrest, and for challenging the country’s compulsory hijab law. He was released on bail after 111 days while Nasrin remained in prison until she received a medical furlough in July 2021. Farhad was released in February 2023. [Iran Wire 13 Dec 2024]

Nasrin Sotoudeh; Reza Khandan
2024 28 - 29 Nov
202-
The United Nations Forum on Minority Issues, part of the UN Human Rights Council session running in Geneva, was criticized by UN member states after the candidacy of Diane Ala'i was blocked from becoming chair. Nominations for the Forum chair rotate across different UN member states groupings and are decided by the president of the Human Rights Council. The decision to bar her was influenced by the Iranian government. The move provoked sharp criticism from UN members and human rights advocates for barring a qualified member of a minority from chairing deliberations concerning minorities.

Ala’i was eminently qualified for the task. She is a human rights expert with more than 35 years of experience across the UN system and human rights mechanisms. She served as representative of the Bahá'í International Community to the UN in Geneva for 30 years, retiring in 2022, and was nominated as chair by the non-governmental Minority Rights Group. Her candidacy was also supported by several governments, including Austria, France, Switzerland, and at later stages of the selection process by Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. [IranWire 29Jan2024]

Roya Boroumand, a prominent Iranian human rights activist and the Executive Director of Abdorrahman Boroumand Center for Human Rights in Iran commented saying, “It is simply unacceptable that one of the worst human rights abusers in the world is allowed to decide who the UN Human Rights Council, a body mandated to fight against discrimination and intolerance, can nominate.” Boroumand added that Iran’s government chose to persecute minorities such as Bahá'ís “rather than addressing the root causes of Iranians turning away from Islam.” [Post on X; Post on X]

* Persecution, Iran; Bahá'í International Community; Diane Alai; Roya_Boroumand; United Nations
2024 27 Nov
202-
The European Parliament passed a joint motion for a resolution on the increasing and systematic repression of women in Iran in light of the recent increase in the number of arrests, prosecutions and imprisonments of Bahá'í women. [European Parliament resolution; BIC-Brussell] * Persecution, Iran
2024 25 Nov
202-
The Bahá'í World Centre advised that the work on the Shrine of the Báb that had begun some four months earlier had been completed. The project implemented several features to enhance accessibility, particularly for wheelchairs. The main paths approaching the Shrine from both east and west were paved with Jerusalem Red Limestone, while the expansion of the plaza immediately in front of the Shrine was finished with Galil Gold Limestone—the same stone used for the floor of the Shrine’s colonnade and the terraces above and below on Mt. Carmel.

The expansion of the plaza was inspired by drawings prepared by William Sutherland Maxwell—Hand of the Cause and distinguished Canadian architect—who designed the Shrine’s superstructure in the early 1940s. The building’s harmonious blend of Eastern and Western architectural styles has made it a familiar and well-loved landmark. [BWNS1764]

See some "before" images.

In its letter of 26 July 2024 it was stated that "the opportunity will be taken to carry out some preparatory work inside the Shrine so that, in due course, all rooms can be dedicated to prayer and worship as part of the single Shrine of the Báb."

Báb, Shrine of (Haifa)
2024 19 Nov
202-
The Bahá'í International Community issued a statement regarding human rights in Egypt. They expressed concern that the persecution of Egypt’s Bahá'í community by Egyptian authorities, something that the Bahá'ís have experienced for over 60 years, is intensifying. They encouraged member-states of the UN Human Rights Council to make five specific recommendations to Egypt at the January 2025 UPR session which will assist in alleviating the suffering of the Egyptian Bahá'ís.
  1. Allocate land for Bahá'í burial in various regions of Egypt.
  2. Appoint a government liaison for Egypt’s Baha'i community to address their concerns.
  3. Establish an official entity to oversee marriage, divorce, and inheritance matters for individuals whose national ID cards show generic religious identifiers.
  4. Uphold the right of Bahá'ís to freely practice their faith.
  5. Remove the names of Bahá'í individuals from airport arrivals watch lists, whether Egyptian or foreign nationals. [BIC-News 19Nov24]
Persecution, Egypt
2024 11 Nov
202-
The Bahá'í International Community in New York announced the launching of a new publication titled Outsiders: Multifaceted Violence Against Bahá'ís in the Islamic Republic of Iran. It is the latest in a series of highly significant independent reports and statements about the Bahá'íis in Iran published in recent months.

The new report was prepared by the Abdorrahman Boroumand Center for Human Rights in Iran, in partnership with Eleos Justice at Monash University, a think tank created and directed by Mai Sato, the new UN Special Rapporteur on the human rights situation in Iran. The report focuses on violence perpetrated against the Bahá'í community since the Baha’i Faith emerged in 1844, by documenting three forms of violence as described by sociologist Johan Galtung; direct, structural and cultural, showing them to be part of the Iranian government’s systematic effort to eliminate the Bahá'í religious minority from society.

One major finding of the report, however, is that the Iranian population has increasingly “resisted” the policy of discrimination against the Bahá'í community. There appears to have been a shift in public attitudes toward Bahá'ís from contempt and avoidance around the time of the Revolution to increasing indifference, acceptance and even support of the Bahá'í community. [BIC News 11NOV24]

* Persecution, Iran
2024 16 Oct
202-
In a message the Universal House of Justice announced the intention to build a further two national Mashriqu'l-Adhkárs, one in Brasilia, Brazil and the other in Lilongwe, Malawi as will as a local Mashriqu'l-Adhkárs in Batouri, Cameroon. [Message 16 October 2014] - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Local; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, National; Brasilia, Brazil; Cameroon; Malawi; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Batouri, Cameroon; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Brasilia, Brazil; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Lilongwe, Malawi
2024 22 - 23 Sep
202-
The 75th Anniversary of the United Nations was marked in June 2020 with a declaration by Member States that included 12 overarching commitments along with a request to the Secretary-General for recommendations to address both current and future challenges.

In September 2021, the Secretary-General responded with his report, Our Common Agenda, a wake-up call to speed up the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals and propel the commitments contained in the UN75 Declaration. In some cases, the proposals addressed gaps that had emerged since 2015, requiring new intergovernmental agreements. The report, therefore, called for a Summit of the Future to forge a new global consensus on readying for a future that is rife with risks but also opportunities. The General Assembly welcomed the submission of the "rich and substantive" report and agreed to hold the Summit on 22-23 September 2024, preceded by a ministerial meeting in 2023. An action-oriented Pact for the Future is expected to be agreed by Member States through intergovernmental negotiations on issues they decide to take forward. [Road to the Summit of the Future]

New York, USA; New York City, NY; Summit of the Future (UN conference); United Nations
2024 20 Sep
202-
The publication of Seals & Crofts: Chronicles of a Summer Breeze. It was written by Anthony Bentivegna and published independently.

Jimmy Seals and Dash Crofts were pop-rock troubadours in the ‘70s famous for songs such as “Summer Breeze,” “Diamond Girl,” “We May Never Pass This Way (Again),” and “Get Closer.” Their deep connection to the Baha’i Faith made them the only American musicians who caused thousands to join an organized religion, and their lyrics frequently explored mystical concepts. Their exquisite vocal blend and their guitar and mandolin counterpoint generated a huge following and the respect of peer musicians, as they went from small town roots in Texas to filling stadiums in their heyday. Seals & Crofts had an extended family of musicians who contributed road stories, songwriting insight and personal reflections over decades of struggles, setbacks and ultimately the breakthrough success of “Summer Breeze.” Jimmy and Dash were polar opposites but their shared values and unlikely mesh of talents forged a unique sound, aided by their legendary Wrecking Crew producer, Louie Shelton. Seals & Crofts: Chronicles of a Summer Breeze is not a typical expose’ of sex, drugs, or even hard core rock and roll. It is a story of two musicians who shared a lifetime of another sort of adventures. The book details their incredible happenstance to join a Top 40 instrumental band as teenagers, years of paying dues, finding their calling, surviving the controversy of a politically charged hit single, trying their hand at disco, and fading into the background of an 80’s music scene, only to re-emerge as vanguards of the Baha’i Faith. This is their story.

Dash Crofts; Jim Seals; Seals and Crofts
2024 20 - 23 Sep
202-
Summit of the Future was held in New York where world leaders at the United Nations World adopted a Pact for the Future that included a Global Digital Compact and a Declaration on Future Generations. This Pact was the culmination of an inclusive, years-long process to adapt international cooperation to the realities of today and the challenges of tomorrow. The most wide-ranging international agreement in many years, covering entirely new areas as well as issues on which agreement has not been possible in decades, the Pact aims above all to ensure that international institutions can deliver in the face of a world that has changed dramatically since they were created. As the Secretary-General has said: “We cannot create a future fit for our grandchildren with a system built by our grandparents. [United Nations press release; SotF Website; BWNS1752]

The Bahá'í International Community release a statement titled Embracing Interdependence: Foundations for a World in Transition, which highlighte the imperative for the international community to place humanity’s interdependence at the heart of the systems of global governance.

- BIC statements; United Nations
2024 8 Aug
202-
The publication of the statement In the Vanguard: The Role of Youth in an Ever-Advancing Global Society, by the New York Office of the Bahá’í International Community (BIC). It calls for a rethinking of how youth are perceived and engaged by communities and institutions with the aim of creating conditions that allow their capacities to flourish and it explores the profound potential of young people in fostering societal transformation and contributing to an ever-advancing global society. [BWNS1744]

The BIC statement can be viewed here.

- BIC statements; Bahá'í International News Service; New York City, NY; Youth
2024 20 Aug
202-
The release of four Yemeni Bahá'ís, Abdul Elah Al Boni, Muhammad Bashir, Ibrahim Juail, and Hassan Thabet, who had been jailed by the Houthi authorities since May, 2023 in a raid on a private residence. These four were the last of the 17 that were detained. They reported that during their incarceration they were under pressure to renounce their faith through forced participation in “cultural courses” conducted by Houthi agents, which essentially amount to attempts at forced indoctrination.

The raid last year prompted repeated calls by the international community for the release of the detained Bahá'ís. In August 2023 six members of the United Nations Security Council “deplored” the detentions and more recently, in May, a powerful coalition of United Nations Special Rapporteurs, European parliamentarians, ambassadors, international human rights organizations, and a Nobel laureate addressed the matter alongside the #FreeYemeniBahá'ís campaign online. Several Yemeni tribal leaders and religious figures also played a major role in the release of the Bahá'í detainees. [BIC News 20 August 2024; BSNS1746]

Persecution, Yemen; Yemen
2024 2 - 4 Aug
202-
The 48th Annual Conference of the Association of Bahá'í Studies was held in Atlanta, Georgia. It was attended by some 1,900 participants. [BWNS1745]

The presentations were:

  • Reflecting Advances in Thought and Action: The Purpose and Philosophy of The Bahá'í World by Naisohn Aria
      It was announced that the Universal House of Justice would seen publish Volume 34 of The Bahá'í World (2006-2021).
  • Striving for Coherence: Reflections on Steeling Oneself for a Life of Service by Jasmine Miller-Kleinhenz
  • A Still More Superb Mission by Paul Lample
  • Visions of the Sacred: Conversations with Baha'i Artists by Kim MacQueen
  • The Nine Year Plan and the 28 November 2023 Message of the Universal House of Justice to the Bahá'ís of the World by Firaydoun Javaheri

    Videos of the presentations are available here.

  • Atlanta, GA; Conferences, Bahá'í studies; Firaydoun Javaheri; Jasmine Miller-Kleinhenz; Naisohn Aria; Paul Lample; Russell Garcia
    2024 31 Jul
    202-
    The Special Rapporteurs working the field of cultural rights, the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances; the Special Rapporteur on the right to education; the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression; the Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association; the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Islamic Republic of Iran; the Special Rapporteur on minority issues; the Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief; the Special Rapporteur on violence against women and girls, its causes and consequences and the Working Group on discrimination against women and girls jointly addressed the government of Iran on the increase in the systematic targeting of Bahá'í women in Iran.

    The message contained details of the treatment of 47 women. They pointed out that over the last year that two-thirds of all Bahá'í prisoners in Iran have been women and that a significant number were being held without due process and their whereabouts were unknown. Many of the victims have been mothers of young children and that they have had to endure the harsh conditions of solitary confinement, frequent interrogations, inadequate medical attention, and restricted family contact.

    They called on the government of Iran to provide additional information of the 47 cases mentioned, as well as legal grounds for the steps taken against them and updates on their individual health. They also called for an end to the discrimination against Bahá'í citizens in Iran.

    * Persecution, Iran
    2024 21 Jun
    202-
    The Huthi de facto authorities released Baha’i human rights activist Abdullah al-Olofi from over a year in arbitrary detention, yet are continuing to arbitrarily detain four other Bahá'ís. The four remaining prisoners are Abdul’elah Muhammad al-Boni, 30, Hassan Tariq Thabet al-Zakari, 28, Muhammad Bashir Abdel Jalil, 25, and Ibrahim Ahmad Jo’eil, 49,

    On 25 May 2023, armed Huthi forces stormed a peaceful gathering of Baha’is in a private residence in Sana’a and arbitrarily detained 17 people, including five women. They forcibly disappearedthem for around four months until their families learned they were being held at Huthi-run security and intelligence detention centres in Sana’a. Between June 2023 and June 2024, 13 individuals including Abdullah al-Olofi and all five women were released following international pressure. The four remaining Bahá'ís continued to be held without charge and were denied their right to legal counsel.

    Since 2015, Amnesty International has documented the cases of at least 100 members of the Bahá'í faith in Yemen, who have been detained by the Huthi de facto authorities and subjected to enforced disappearance, incommunicado detention, torture and ill-treatment and denied fair trial rights. [Amnesty International 27 May 2021; Posted on X by @BahaiBIV 22 June 2024]

    Persecution, Yemen; Yemen
    2024 26 May
    202-
    The inauguration of the national Bahá'í House of Worship in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. The Universal House of Justice was represented by Counsellor Kessia Ruh who read the letter. There were some 1,000 participants of the ceremony that included government officials, religious leaders, members of civil society, representatives of local and national Bahá’í institutions, and many other people from across the country. The following day approximately 3,000 people gathered to celebrate the historic opening of PNG’s national Bahá’í House of Worship on the second day of the dedication program. [BWNS1734]

    Other related stories: BWNS1733; BWNS1732; BWNS1713; BWNS1524; BWNS1688

    See as well In Conversation: Stories from temple dedication in Papua New Guinea.

    Kessia Ruh; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Port Moresby; Papua New Guinea
    2024 1 Apr
    202-
    The publication of The Boot on My Neck: Iranian Authorities' Crime of Persecution Against Bahá'ís in Iran by Human Rights Watch. The report draws on extensive documentation by Human Rights Watch and Iranian human rights groups regarding violations against Bahá'ís in Iran. . [BIC News 2MAY24]

    A summary of the report is available in English and in Farsi.

    * Persecution, Iran
    2024 8 Mar
    202-
    A report mandated by the UN Human Rights Council to the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Islamic Republic of Iran on November 24, 2022, to investigate alleged human rights violations in Iran related to the protests that followed Mahsa Amini's death, said the mission "has established the existence of evidence of trauma to Ms. Amini's body, inflicted while in the custody of the morality police." Mahsa Amini; United Nations
    2024 Jan
    202-
    The National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of the United States established the Corinne True Center for Bahá'í History. Its stated purpose was to foster the study of Bahá'í history, Bahá'í sacred texts, Bahá'í philosophical and theological concepts, and world religions from a Bahá'í and comparative perspective. It will accomplish this through online noncredit courses, web presentations and interviews, online seminars, online conferences, in-person conferences, and publication of some of the resulting research. It will seek to support these subjects at three levels in order to provide comprehensive support to Bahá'í culture and Bahá'í scholarship: at an introductory level, to inform rank and file believers and their friends and encourage them to do basic scholarship; at an advanced level, for Bahá'ís and their friends wishing to go into greater depth of study and research; and at the graduate and postgraduate levels, via seminars and academic-level conferences.

    A website has been established and they have a YouTube and a Facebook presence as well.

    Corinne True; Corinne True Center for Bahá'í History; United States (USA)
    2024 (In the year)
    202-
    The publication of Adasiyyih: The Story of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá's Model Farming Community by Paul Hanley. Published by Bahá'í Publishing in Evanston, IL.

    This book follows the story of the ‘Adasíyyih community, a farming village established by ‘Abdu’l-Bahá, in what is now Jordan. Bahá'ís from Iran settled there and transformed a degraded parcel of land into the site of a thriving farm and prosperous community whose residents embodied the Bahá'í teachings. It was this farming village— along with several others in the region of the Galilee— that produced a surplus of crops, which enabled ‘Abdu’l-Bahá to keep famine at bay for so many people during World War I, a feat that would earn Him a knighthood from the British Empire. In time, ‘Adasíyyih would become a model village for Jordanians, and Jordan’s royalty would become frequent guests. Author Paul Hanley’ s extensive research, along with his deep interest in agricultural systems, provides a fascinating glimpse at this remarkable history and the lessons that can be applied to current agroecological efforts.

    See also interview on Bahá'í Blog.

    Adasiyyih, Palestine; Agriculture
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