Bahai Library Online

Chronology of the Bahá'í Faith

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Date 1891, sorted by date, ascending

date event tags firsts
1891 (In the year)
189-
In Bombay, on the instructions of Bahá'u'lláh, the Kitáb-i-Aqdas was published for the first time. [SA250]
  • It was published in Arabic. [SA250]
  • * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; * Bahaullah (chronology); * Publications; * Publishing; - First publications; India; Kitáb-i-Aqdas (Most Holy Book); Mumbai, India First publication of The Kitáb-i-Aqdas in Bombay
    1891 (In the first half of the year)
    189-
    Bahá'u'lláh revealed Epistle to the Son of the Wolf addressed to Shaykh Muhammad-Taqíy-i-Najafí (Shaykh Najafí), a powerful Shi'a-Muslim priest of Isfahan, the son of Shaykh Muhammad-Báqir. [BBD78, 164; BKG382; RB4:368]

      "Lawḥ-i-Burhán" (Tablet of the Proof) in which the acts perpetrated by Shaykh Muḥammad-Báqir, surnamed " Dhi'b" (Wolf), and Mír Muḥammad-Ḥusayn, the Imám-Jum'ih of Iṣfahán, surnamed "Raqshá" (She-Serpent), are severely condemned; or to the Lawḥ-i-Karmil (Tablet of Carmel) in which the Author significantly makes mention of "the City of God that hath descended from heaven," and prophesies that "erelong will God sail His Ark" upon that mountain, and "will manifest the people of Bahá." Finally, mention must be made of His Epistle to Shaykh Muḥammad-Taqí, surnamed "Ibn-i-Dhi'b" (Son of the Wolf), the last outstanding Tablet revealed by the pen of Bahá'u'lláh, in which He calls upon that rapacious priest to repent of his acts, quotes some of the most characteristic and celebrated passages of His own writings, and adduces proofs establishing the validity of His Cause." [GPB219]
  • It was revealed about a year before the ascension of Bahá'u'lláh. [GPB220]
  • It was Bahá'u'lláh's `last outstanding Tablet'. [BBD78; BKG382; GPB219]
  • For an analysis of its content, themes and circumstances of its revelation, see RB34:368–412.
  • For a study guide to the Tablet see RB4:433–40.
  • * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; * Bahaullah (chronology); - Basic timeline, Expanded; Aqa Najafi (Son of the Wolf); Bahji, Israel; Iran; Lawh-i-Ibn-i-Dhib (Epistle to the Son of the Wolf); Lawh-i-Times (Tablet to the Times); Shaykh Muhammad-Taqiy-i-Najafi (Shaykh Najafi); Yazd, Iran
    1891 (In the year)
    189-
    Bahá'u'lláh revealed the Kitáb-i-`Ahd. [BBD32; CB142; GPB236–40, BKG420–5; RB4:419–20]
  • It was probably written at least one year before His Ascension. CB142]
  • In it Bahá'u'lláh alluded to Epistle to the Son of the Wolf as the `Crimson Book'. [DG16; ESW32; GPB238]
  • In Kitáb-i-`Ahd Bahá'u'lláh explicitly appointed `Abdu'l-Bahá His successor, the Centre of the Covenant and the Expounder of the revealed word. [BKG420; GPB239]
  • * `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; * Bahaullah (chronology); - Basic timeline, Expanded; Akka, Israel; Bahji, Israel; Covenant; Crimson Book; Kitáb-i-Ahd (Book of the Covenant); Will and Testament of Bahá'u'lláh
    1891 (In the year)
    189-
    A Traveller's Narrative was published in two volumes by the Cambridge University Press. [BBD226; EGB55]

    It is an historical account written by 'Abdu'l-Bahá around 1886 and first published anonymously in Persian in 1890. This English translation was prepared by Professor Edward G. Browne.

    * Publications; - First publications; Cambridge, England; Travelers Narrative (book); United Kingdom
    1891 (In the year)
    189-
    Tablet of Visitation for Imám Husayn was revealed by Bahá'u'lláh. It was originally revealed as "Lawh-i-Zíyárat-Namih-i-Imám Husayn".
  • For a translation by Khazeh Fananapazir with a commentary edited by Mehdi Wolf see Tablet of Visitation for Imám Husayn.
  • Lawh-i-Ziyarat-Namih-i-Imam Husayn (Tablet of Visitation for Imam Husayn)
    1891 (In the year)
    189-
    Bishárát (Glad-Tidings) is considered one of the major writings of Bahá'u'lláh. [Bahá'u'lláh's Bishárát (Glad-Tidings): A Proclamation to Scholars and Statesmen by Christopher Buck and Youli A. Ioannesyan]

      The Tablet of Glad-Tidings is a selective compendium of Bahaullah's laws and principles, sequentially presented in a series of 15 Glad-Tidings. As the Arabic term Bisharat suggests, these Glad-Tidings were a public announcement of some of the essential teachings of the new Bahá'í religion. The Glad-Tidings is the most extensive of several tablets by Bahá'u'lláh that present key teachings in a numbered structure. The Glad-Tidings may, in part, be regarded as serially articulated world reforms intermixed with religious reforms emanating from Bahá'u'lláh in his professed role as World Reformer. The Glad-Tidings also functioned analogously (albeit anachronistically) to a press release, serving not only as a public proclamation but to rectify the inaccuracies and gross misrepresentations that had previously circulated in print. Intended for widespread translation and publication, the Glad-Tidings was sent to scholars notably Russian orientalist, Baron Viktor Rosen (1849-1908) and Cambridge orientalist, Edward Granville Browne (1862-1926) and possibly pre-revolutionary Russian statesmen as well. As a Proclamatory Aqdas, the Tablet of Glad-Tidings was part of a much broader proclamation by Bahaullah, who proclaimed his mission to the political and religious leaders of the world.
  • buck_ioannesyan_bisharat_proclamation.pdf.
  • Bishárát from Tablets of Bahá'u'lláh p21-29.
  • See "Faculty Notes" by Robert Stockman.
  • See GPB216 and BBS158.
  • * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Baron Rosen; Bisharat (Glad Tidings); E. G. Browne
    1891 (In the year)
    189-
    Mirzá Adu'l-Fadl-i-Gulpáygání visited Kashgar during his trip to Central Asia. [Video Early history of the Bahá'í Faith in China 2min56sec] China; Kashgar, China
    1891 15 Feb
    189-
    First public lecture in the West on the Bahá'í Faith was given by E. G. Browne at the Southplace Institute, London.
  • He spoke to the Pembroke College Literary Society in England (Martletts), at which the Faith was discussed at length.
  • E. G. Browne; Firsts, other; London, England; Southplace Institute, London; United Kingdom First public lecture in West on Bahá'í Faith
    1891 19 May
    189-
    The execution of the Seven Martyrs of Yazd. [BBRXXIX, BW18:384]

    Seven Bahá'ís were executed on the order of the governor of Yazd, Husain Mírzá, Jalálu'd-Dín-Dawlih (the grandson of the shah and the son of Zillu's-Sultán) and at the instigation of the mujtahid, Shaykh Hasan-i-Sabzivárí. [BW18p384]

  • For their names see BW18:384.
  • For details of the executions see GBP201–2.
  • For Western reports of the episode see BBR301–5.
  • Bahá'u'lláh stated that a representative of Zillu's-Sultán. Hájí Sayyáh, visited Him in 'Akká in the hope of persuading Him to support his plot to usurp the throne. He was promised freedom to practice the Faith should He support him. Hájí Sayyáh was arrested in Tehran in April of 1891 and Zillu's-Sultán, afraid that he would be implicated in the plot to overthrow the king, inaugurated vigorous persecution of the Bahá'ís in Yazd in order to draw attention from himself and prove his loyalty to the crown and to Islam. Had Bahá'u'lláh reported this incident to the Shah, Zillu's-Sultán would have paid dearly for his disloyalty. [BBR357-358]
  • See also RB3:194–6 and SBBH2:77.
  • See Persecutions of Babis in 1888-1891 at Isfahan and Yazd by various witnesses and translated by E G Browne.
  • "The tyrant of the land of Yá (Yazd) committed that which has caused the Concourse on High to shed tears of blood." from the Lawḥ-i-Dunyá (Tablet of the World) Tablets of Bahá'u'lláh, p. 85
  • * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution; - Persecution, Deaths; - Sháh; Hájí Sayyah; Iran; Jalalud-Din-Dawlih; Lawh-i-Dunya (Tablet of the World); Seven martyrs of Hurmuzak; Seven martyrs of Yazd; Shaykh Hasan-i-Sabzivari; Yazd, Iran; Yazd upheaval; Zillus-Sultan
    1891 after 19 May
    189-
    Bahá'u'lláh revealed the Lawh-i-Times, Tablet to the Times in which He recounted the circumstances of the martyrdoms in Yazd. [RB4:348–50, BW18p976-7] * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; * Bahaullah (chronology); * Persecution, Iran; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Persecution; - Persecution, Deaths; Akka, Israel; Bahji, Israel; Iran; Lawh-i-Times (Tablet to the Times); London, England; Media (communication); Newspapers; Press (media); Seven martyrs of Hurmuzak; Seven martyrs of Yazd; Times (newspaper); United Kingdom; Yazd, Iran; Yazd upheaval
    1891 Apr c.
    189-
    Two believers were arrested during the same period of intense persecution. Hájí Amín was sent to the prison of Qazvín, and Hand of the Cause Ibn-i-Abhar was consigned for four years in Tíhran, in which he bore the same chains as Bahá'u'lláh did, during the Latter's imprisonment in 1852. [Essay by Mehdi Wolf] - Hands of the Cause; Chains; Hájí Amin (Abu'l-Hasan-i-Ardikani); Ibn-i-Abhar (Mulla Muhammad Taqi); Imprisonments; Iran; Qazvin, Iran; Tehran, Iran
    1891 27 Jun
    189-
    Bahá'u'lláh visited Haifa for the fourth time. [BKG374; DH109; GPB194; RB4:351]
  • He stayed three months. [BBD94; BKG374; DH109; GPB194; RB4:351]
  • He lived in the house of Ilyás Abyad near the Templar colony, His tent pitched nearby on the foot of Mount Carmel on HaGefen Street. This house was subsequently a boarding school and then became office space for the Mercantile Bank. [BKG374; DH186]
  • Bahá'u'lláh instructed to the Master to arrange the transportation of the remains of the Báb from Persia to the Holy Land and their internment in a mausoleum below the clump of cypress trees at a spot which He indicated with His hand. It is stated that there were 15 tiny cypress trees at that time, each one the size of a finger. See Rob4p363 for a photo of the site indicated. [AB45; BKG374; DH134–5; GPB194]
  • For a story of the difficulties in obtaining land for access to the site of the Shrine of the Báb see SES79-80.
  • One day He pitched His tent a few hundred yards east of the Carmelite monastery and visited the monastery. His tent was also close to the Templar building with the inscription "Der Herr ist nahe" over the door. The spot is now marked by a circle of cypress trees. While there He fell ill and was invited in the Templar home and was seen by a Templar doctor, probably Dr J. Schmidt in the room at the north-west corner of the ground floor [DH186]
  • Bahá'u'lláh visited the cave of Elijah. [BKG375; DH174; RB4:3512]
  • He revealed the Lawh-i-Karmil (Tablet of Carmel), the `Charter of the World Spiritual and Administrative Centres of the Faith' near the site of the future Mashriqu'l-Adhkár. [BBD1 18–19; BKG375; DH109, 174; MBW63; RB4:352]
  • For the text of this Tablet see BKG376–7, G14–17 and TB3–5.
  • For an analysis of the text see RB4:353–67.
  • See the article "Carmel: The Mountain of God and the Tablet of Carmel" by Zikrullah Khadem, ZK279-300.
  • See PG102-103 for a recounting of a commemoration of Bahá'lláh's visit on the 21st of October 1919. At that time 'Abdu'l-Bahá entertained guests from India, Persia, Kurdistan, Egypt, and England in a tent which had been erected on the same spot where His tent had been pitched.
  • * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; * Bahaullah (chronology); - Bahá'í World Centre; - Bahá'í World Centre; - Bahá'í World Centre buildings, monuments and gardens; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Báb, Shrine of (Haifa); Carmelite monastery, Israel; Cave of Elijah, Haifa; Charters of the Bahá'í Faith; Cypress trees; Elijah (Prophet); Haifa, Israel; House of Ilyas Abyad (Haifa); Lawh-i-Karmil (Tablet of Carmel); Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Haifa; Mount Carmel; Templer Society (German Templer colony); Zikrullah Khadem
    1891 Jul-Aug
    189-
    Members of the Afnán family met Bahá'u'lláh in Haifa during His visit. [BKG374, 406]
  • For details of this visit see BKG406–13.
  • Also see Memories of the Báb, Bahá'u'lláh and `Abdu'l-Bahá by Mírzá Habíbu'lláh Afnán, (Ahang Rabbani trans.) pages 26-31>.
  • * Bahaullah (chronology); Afnan; Haifa, Israel
    1891 3 Oct
    189-
    Mullá Muhammad-`Alíy-i-Dihábádí was martyred, one of the Seven Martyrs of Yazd who were killed at the hands of Jalálu'd-Dawlih and Zillu's-Sultan. [BW18:384] * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution; - Persecution, Deaths; Iran; Jalalud-Dawlih; Mullá Muhammad-`Alíy-i-Dihabadi; Seven martyrs of Hurmuzak; Seven martyrs of Yazd; Yazd, Iran; Yazd upheaval; Zillus-Sultan
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