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1850 9 Jul
185- |
Martyrdom of the Báb
In the morning the Báb was taken to the homes of the leading clerics to obtain the death-warrants. [Bab155; DB508]
The warrants were already prepared. [Bab155–6; DB510]
Anís's stepfather tried to persuade him to change his mind. Anís's young son was also brought to 'soften his heart' but Anís's resolve remained unshaken. [Bab156–7; DB509–10]
At noon the Báb and Mirza Muhammad-Ali Zunuzi, known as Anis were suspended on a wall in the square in front of the citadel of Tabríz in Sarbazkhaneh Square. They were shot by 750 soldiers in three ranks of 250 men in succession. [Bab157; DB512]
When the smoke cleared the Báb was gone and Anís was standing, unharmed, under the nail from which they were suspended. The Báb, also unhurt, was found back in his cell completing His dictation to His secretary. [Bab157–8; DB512–13]
See BBD200–1 and DB510–12, 514 for the story of Sám Khán, the Christian colonel of the Armenian regiment which was ordered to execute the Báb.
The Báb and Anís were suspended a second time. A new regiment, the Násirí, was found to undertake the execution. After the volleys, the bodies of the Báb and Anís were shattered and melded together. [Bab158; DB514]
See BBR77–82 for Western accounts of the event.
The face of the Báb was untouched. [Bab158]
At the moment the shots were fired, a gale sweeps the city, stirring up so much dust that the city remained in darkness from noon until night. [Bab158; DB515]
See CH239 and DH197 for the story of the phenomenon of the two sunsets.
During the night, the bodies were thrown onto the edge of the moat surrounding the city. Four companies of soldiers, each consisting of ten sentinels, were ordered to keep watch in turn over them. Nearby; two Bábís, feigning madness, keep vigil. After paying bribes to the guards, tIhe bodies were removed and hidden under cover of darkness. [Bab159; TN27; LWS147; DB518]
See David Merrick's Outline for Researchers.
See Sen McGlinn's blog 750 Muskets.
See It was in the news.... In this blog SMK points out the parallel between the history of early Christianity and that of the Bábí-Bahá'í Faith.
There is a possibility that the Martyrdom took place on the 8th of July. See BBR78.
See Glimpses of Life and Manners in Persia Chapter 11 by Lady Mary Sheil published in 1856. It contains sketchy details of the circumstances and martyrdom of the Báb and the insurrection at Zanjan. [Collins 10.1327-10.1328]
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* Báb, The, Basic timeline; * Báb, The (chronology); * Persecution, Iran; - Basic timeline, Condensed; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Persecution; - Persecution, Deaths; Anís Zunízí (Mírzá Muhammad-`Alíy-i-Zunízí); Báb, Martyrdom of; Báb, Remains of; Holy days; Iran; Sam Khan; Tabríz, Iran |
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1850 11 Jul
185- |
During the evening the bodies were wrapped in a cloak and removed to a silk factory owned by one of the believers, Haji Ahmad Milani, where the remains were concealed under a bale of silk. The next day they Haji Sulayman Khan and Husain-i-Mílání built a casket and placed it in the wall cavity, covering it with mortar. Before closing it the casket Sulayman Khan placed a bouquet of flowers commonly found in the homes of Tabrizis next to the sanctified countenance of the Bab. [B159–60; DB519]
Sulayman Khan sent a messenger to Tehran to advise Bahá'u'lláh that the remains had been secured and He had a messenger sent back telling them to deliver the remains to Tehran. They travelled by night along the rocky pathway through the hills and mountains out of fear for both robbers and the authorities and probably arrived about a week later. [JtaM3]
See B159–60, DB518–22 and TN27–8, The Bahá'í Faith 1844-1952 Information Statistical & Comparative p20-22 for the story of the recovery of the bodies and eventual arrival in Haifa.
The soldiers reported that the bodies had been eaten by dogs. [B160; DB519]
- Shi'is believe that dogs would not eat the flesh of 'holy imams' as their bodies are not composed of the
same substance as that of ordinary people. [TN27-28]
See as well Efforts to preserve the remains of the Bab:
Four historical accounts by Ahang Rabbani
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Báb, Martyrdom of; Báb, Remains of; Iran; Tabríz, Iran |
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1850 8 Jul
185- |
The Báb, divested of His turban and sash, was taken on foot to the barracks in Tabríz. Mírzá Muhammad-'Alíy-i-Zunúzí, Anís, threw himself at the feet of the Báb and asked to go with Him. [Bab153; DB507]
That night the Báb asked that one of His companions kill Him, rather than let Him die at the hands of His enemies. Anís offered to do this but was restrained by the others. The Báb promised that Anís will be martyred with Him. [Bab154–5; DB507–8] |
* Báb, The, Basic timeline; * Báb, The (chronology); * Persecution, Iran; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Persecution; - Persecution, Deaths; Anís Zunízí (Mírzá Muhammad-`Alíy-i-Zunízí); Báb, Martyrdom of; Barracks (Tabriz); Iran; Tabríz, Iran; Turbans |
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1850 Jul
185- |
The Faith of the Báb had spread to two countries at this point, Iran and Iraq. [MBW147]
Bab148–60, 202–3; BBD147; BBR77–82; DB510–17; GPB49–55; TN26–7.
By this time "there was no province in the entire country in which from a few up to ten Bábí communities had not been established. These early Bábí communities of Muslim converts, who were generally from Shaikhi background, had come from various strata of Persian society, although a few Jews and Zoroastrians had also joined the movement (Māzandarānī, 1943, p. 395; Samandar, p. 348)". [BAHAISM v. The Bahai Community in Iran by V. Rafati]
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- Middle East; Bábí history; Iran; Iraq; Statistics |
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1850 10 Jul
185- |
The Russian Consul had an artist make a sketch of the body of the Báb. [Bab159; DB518; TN28; Sunburst P128-129]
See BBR43 for details of the drawing made by Consul Bakulin.
See as well Efforts to preserve the remains of the Bab: Four historical accounts by Ahang Rabbani. The four accounts were from: Hand of the Cause of God Mirza Hasan Adib Taliqani, Hand of the Cause of God Mirza Asadu’llah Fadil Mazandarani, ‘Abdu’l-Husayn Avarih, and Aqa Husayn ‘Ali Nur. |
* Báb, The (chronology); - Consuls; Báb, Martyrdom of; Báb, Sketches of; Iran; Russian officials; Tabríz, Iran |
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