- Black Pearls: Notes on Slavery, by Moojan Momen, Abu'l-Qasim Afnan, Anthony Lee. (1988/1999) Editor's note, foreword, preface, and introduction to two editions of Black Pearls; brief overview of the institution of slavery.
- Black Pearls: Servants in the Households of the Báb and Bahá'u'lláh, by Abu'l-Qasim Afnan. (1988) Biographies of Haji Mubarak, Fiddih, Isfandiyar, Mas'ud, and Salih Aqa; slavery and Islamic history. Preface by Moojan Momen.
- Black Pearls: The African Household Slaves of a Nineteenth Century Iranian Merchant Family, by R. Jackson Armstrong-Ingram. (2003-10) The African slave trade to Iran in the 1800s, and the lives of household slaves of one specific merchant family from Shiraz, that of The Báb, as described in the narrative of Abu'l-Qasim Afnan.
- Half the Household Was African: Recovering the Histories of Two African Slaves in Iran, by Anthony Lee. (2015) Biographies of two enslaved Africans in Iran, Haji Mubarak and Fezzeh Khanum, the servants of The Bab. A history of slavery in Iran can be written, not only at the level of statistics, laws, and politics, but also at the level of individual lives.
- Recovering the Lives of Enslaved Africans in Nineteenth-Century Iran: A First Attempt, by Anthony Lee. (2016) Reconstructing the lives of four slaves in the Middle East, including Haji Mubarak and Fezzeh Khanum, servants of The Bab.
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