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date |
event |
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firsts |
c. 1900
190- |
The Kitáb-i-Aqdas was translated by Anton Haddad. It was not published but circulated in typescript form. [BFA2:27; SA251]
He had made his second pilgrimage in 1988. [Highlights of the First 40 Years of the Bahá'í Faith in New York, City of the Covenant, 1892-1932 by Hussein Ahdieh p3]
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* Translation; Anton Haddad; Kitáb-i-Aqdas (Most Holy Book); United States (USA) |
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1900 (In the year)
190- |
The publication of Prayers, Tablets, Instructions and Miscellany, together with pilgrim's notes of the second party of American Bahá'ís to visit Akka, Palestine: Edward and Lua Getsinger, Arthur and Elizabeth Dodge and William and Anna Hoar.
This book "appeared at a time when Khayru'lláh's total alienation was no longer in doubt".
[AB87]
Ali-Kuli Khan was with that group of pilgrims. When one looks at this small book or only 91 pages, one is amazed at how little these early Western Bahá'ís had of the Words and the Writings...and how deep their faith was that so little sufficed. [AB88] |
* Prayer texts; * Publications; * Translation; Anna Hoar; Arthur Dodge; Chicago, IL; Edward Getsinger; Elizabeth Dodge; Lua Getsinger; United States (USA); William Hoar |
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1900 (In the year)
190- |
Charlotte and Henry Morton moved from Kenosha to Milwaukee, becoming the city's first Bahá'í residents. By 1906, the Milwaukee community had grown to fourteen members. [Encyclopedia of Milwaukee] |
Charlotte and Henry Morton; Charlotte and Henry Morton; Milwaukee, WI |
first Bahá'ís in Milwaukee |
1900 (Early part)
190- |
`Abdu'l-Bahá began to build the foundations of the Shrine of the Báb. [CB223]
Note that the number 8 is prominent in the design of the Shrine of the Báb and the gardens. Mr. Giachery noted that Shoghi Effendi reported 'Abdu'l-Bahá to have said that it was because the Báb was the eighth Manifestation of those religions whose followers still exist. [SER84] |
* `Abdu'l-Bahá, Basic timeline; * `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); - Bahá'í World Centre; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Báb, Shrine of (Haifa); Eight (number); Haifa, Israel; Mount Carmel |
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1900 (In the year)
190- |
A Tablet from 'Abdu'l-Bahá to the American believers was presented through 'Abdu'l-Karim Effendi, who had been the teacher of Dr. Ibrahim Kheiralla.
Mr. Arthur Pillsbury Dodge received the first Tablet ever to an American believer, written in Arabic by 'Abdu'l-Bahá in his own handwriting and translated by Mr. Anton Haddad.
A Tablet to the Hoboken Assembly was received through Mr. J.F. Brittingham. [Highlights of the First 40 Years of the Bahá'í Faith in New York, City of the Covenant, 1892-1932 by Hussein Ahdieh p4]
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Abdel Karim Effendi Teherani; Anton Haddad; Arthur Pillsbury Dodge; Ibrahim George Kheiralla; James F. Brittingham; New York, USA; United States (USA) |
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c. 1900
190- |
See Summon up Remembrance p10-15 by Marzieh Gail for a description of life in Persia 1880s -> early 20th Century.
Tehran had been the capital since 1788, before that it was Shiraz and before that Isfahan and Qazvin. None of the buildings had windows that opened onto the street to prevent noble ladies from being offended should they have a glance inside.
Upper class families enjoyed the benefits of the "Mustamarrí" (Perpetual), an annual stipend that came down to them from long-ago ancestors.
Women entertained with lavish parties, competing to outdo each other. There is a story which may not be apocryphal of a hostess who received her guest wearing a dress in the style of the latest Paris fashion. At the return party the following week the hostess had dressed all of her serving maid in gowns identical to the one the former hostess had worn. Women tried to amass large sums of money to ensure "good" marriages for their daughters.
The gentry functioned according to the unwritten rules of Sha'n which was rank, dignity, ancestral prestige, personal talent, intellectual attainment, family honour, and social prominence was always combined with ancient blood. It was like "noblesse oblige" or the Chinese concept of face. A noble man could not appear in public without a bevy of attendants. Such a man could not carry a package in public nor could he consort with tradesmen or even merchants as equals. Even relatives of lesser rank could not remain seated in his presence.
Slavery was still common, up to 1/4 of the population were slaves by some estimates.
The entire population was subject to "rasm". These were rules that had become crystallized and so reflexive that anyone daring to break these rules would be attacked. 'Abdu'l-Bahá said the Persians lay in a strange sleep [SDC8] Both the leaders and the masses were under the control of the clergy who acted in a predictable manner to the advent of a new Manifestation.
Graft was rampant in every government department. The Persian word f.or it "madákhil was a cherished national institution and could be translated as "commission", 'perquisite', 'douceur', or 'consideration'.
The custom of ta'áruf was rigidly observed. This was a long exchange of compliment and ritual courtesies, not necessarily heartfelt, the ceremonial greetings, and social formalities. If someone admires one of your possessions you must offer it as a gift but ritual courtesy forbids you to take the gift. |
Iran; Marzieh Gail |
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c. 1900
190- |
For the state of affairs in Haifa just after the turn of the century see CB231-234. |
* `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); Covenant-breaking; Haifa, Israel |
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1900 (In the year)
190- |
The publication of Tablets Revealed by the Blessed Perfection and Abdul-Beha Abbas. 13p. It consisted of miscellaneous tablets "brought to this country by Haji Mirza Hassan, Mirza Assad' Ullah, and Mirza Hussien." Published in New York by the Board of Counsel.
The first two selections, including the Short Healing Prayer and the last one are from Bahá'u'lláh; the others are by 'Abdu'l-Bahá.
Includes a "prayer for the confirmation of the American government." The most recent translation of this prayer can be found at bahai.org. [Collins4.278]
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* `Abdu'l-Bahá, Writings and talks of; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; New York, USA; United States (USA) |
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Canada
