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Chronology of the Bahá'í Faith

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Date 1994, sorted by date, ascending

date event tags firsts
1994 (In the year)
199-
His Highness King Malietoa Tanumafili II of Samoa received The Kitáb-i-Aqdas from Tongan Bahá'ís Sohrab and Soheyla Bolouri. [BINS314:9] Kitáb-i-Aqdas (Most Holy Book); Malietoa Tanumafili II of Western Samoa; Gifts; Samoa
1994 (In the year)
199-
The founding of the Cambodian Organization for Research, Development and Education (CORDE) in Cambodia.
  • History.
  • Their programs include:
  • Cambodian Organization for Research, Development and Education; - Social and Economic Development Organizations; Cambodia
    1994 Jan
    199-
    The first winter school of Mongolia was held in Songino, near Ulaan Baatar. [BINS310:6] First summer and winter schools; Songino, Mongolia; Mongolia
    1994 Jan 30
    199-
    The first worldwide fireside on the Internet, 'Pioneering in Cyberspace the Bahá'í Faith and the Internet', was held, with a live audience in the Bahá'í Centre in New York City communicating electronically with people all over the United States and in two other countries. Internet; Firesides; New York, USA; United States (USA) first worldwide fireside on the Internet,
    1994 Feb 17 – 20
    199-
    The first Bahá'í ASEAN (Association of South East Asian Nations) Forum was held in Bangkok. [BINS312:6] Bangkok, Thailand; Thailand
    1994 Mar 13
    199-
    The murder of four Bahá'is, three adults and one youth, at the Bahá'í Centre in Mdantsane, Ciskel. Killed were Dr. Shamam Bakhshandegi, Houshmand Anvari and Vincent and Rias Razavi. The perpetrators were granted amnesty for the killings in May 2002. [BW93-4p147-150, 16 May 2000, SCBC, press release] Opposition; Murders; Amnesty; Mdantsane, South Africa; Ciskei, South Africa; South Africa
    1994 Mar 24
    199-
    The Dalai Lama visited the Bahá'í World Centre, the first time a head of a religion had visited the Shrine of the Báb. [BW93–4:78, CBN Vol 7 no 1 May/June 1994] Dalai Lama; Báb, Shrine of (Haifa); Prominent visitors; Firsts, other; - Buddhism; Tibet; Interfaith dialogue; - Bahá'í World Centre; - Bahá'í World Centre first time a head of a religion visited the Shrine of the Báb
    1994 Ridván
    199-
    In its Ridván Message the Universal House of Justice announced the publication of Promoting Entry by Troops. Entry by troops; - Compilations; - Bahá'í World Centre
    1994 Ridván
    199-
    The National Spiritual Assembly of Mongolia was formed with its seat in Ulaan Baatar. [BINS317:1–2; BW93–4:82; BW94–5:25, 31–2; 26 November 1993]

    Hand of the Cause Amatu'l-Bahá Rúḥíyyih Khánum attended the inaugural convention as the representative of the Universal House of Justice. [Ridván 151]

    National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Ulaan Baatar, Mongolia; Mongolia first National Spiritual Assembly of Mongolia
    1994 Ridván
    199-
    The National Spiritual Assembly of Slovenia and Croatia was formed with its seat in Ljubljana, Slovenia. [BINS317:2; BW93–4:82; BW94–5:25, 3–6]
  • For picture see BINS320:9 and BW94–5:35.
  • National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Ljubljana, Slovenia; Slovenia; Croatia first National Spiritual Assembly of Slovenia and Croatia
    1994 Ridván
    199-
    With the dissolution of the National Spiritual Assembly of Central Asia which had been formed in 1992, the National Spiritual Assembly of Kazakhstan was formed with its seat in Astana. The 120 Bahá'ís gathered at the Convention were joined by Lauretta King, Counsellor member of the International Teaching Centre, who represented the Universal House of Justice for the occasion. [BINS317:2–3; BW93–4:82; BW94–5:25, 29–30; 26 November 1993; Ridván 151]
  • For picture see BW94–5:28.
  • Lauretta King; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Astana, Kazakhstan; Kazakhstan first National Spiritual Assembly of Kazakhstan
    1994 Ridván
    199-
    The National Spiritual Assembly of Central Asia (comprising of the Republics of Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) was dissolved and the National Spiritual Assembly of Tajikistan was formed with its seat in Dushanbe. Counsellor member of the International Teaching Centre, Shapoor Monadjem, represented the House of Justice at their Convention. [BINS317:3; BW93–4:82; BW94–5:26, 29–30; 26 November 1993; Ridván 151]
  • National Convention
  • National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Shapoor Monadjem; Dushanbe, Tajikistan; Tajikistan first National Spiritual Assembly of Tajikistan
    1994 Ridván
    199-
    The National Spiritual Assembly of Central Asia (comprising of the Republics of Kazakhstan, Kirgizia, Tadzhikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) the National Spiritual Assembly of Uzbekistan was formed with its seat in Tashkent. [BINS317:3–4; BW93–4:82; BW94–5:26, 29–30; 26 November 1993; Ridván 151]
  • For picture see BINS328:9 and BW94–5:30.
  • National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Uzbekistan first National Spiritual Assembly of Uzbekistan
    1994 Ridván
    199-
    Counsellor member of the International Teaching Centre Lauretta King represented the House of Justice at the first National Convention of the Bahá'ís of Kyrgyzstan, (formerly part of the National Spiritual Assembly of Central Asia) held 23-24 April in Bishkek. The 150 adults, youth, and children gathered for the historic event expressed their "deepest gratitude and devotion to the Blessed Beauty, Bahá'u'lláh." [BW94-95p29; 26 November 1993; Ridván 151] National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Conventions, National; First conventions; International Teaching Centre; Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan; Kyrgyzstan first National Spiritual Assembly of Kyrgyzstan.
    1994 Ridván
    199-
    The National Spiritual Assembly of Cambodia was formed with its seat in Phnom Penh. [BINS317:1; BW93–4:82; BW94–5:25, 30–1; 26 November 1993]

    Hand of the Cause Amatu'l-Bahá Rúḥíyyih Khánum attended the inaugural convention as the representative of the Universal House of Justice. [Ridván 151]

    National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Cambodia first National Spiritual Assembly of Cambodia
    1994 Ridván
    199-
    With the formation of National Spiritual Assemblies in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan, the National Spiritual Assembly of Central Asia was re-named the National Spiritual Assembly of Turkmenistan with its seat in Ashgabat. The only remaining partner in that union without a National Spiritual Assembly was Kirgizia.[BW22p26; 26 November 1993; Ridván 151] National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Ashgabat; Turkmenistan
    1994 27 Apr
    199-
    Civil war (The War of Secession of 1994, May to early July) erupted in Yemen and ends in a victory for Saleh within three months. A major tank battle erupted in Amran, near San'a. Both sides accused the other of first aggression.
  • On 4 May, the southern air force bombed San'a and other areas in the north; the northern air force responded by bombing Aden.
  • President Saleh declared a 30-day state of emergency, and foreign nationals began evacuating the country.
  • Vice President al-Beidh was officially dismissed.
  • South Yemen fired Scud missiles into San'a, killing dozens of civilians.
  • Prime Minister Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas was dismissed on May 10 after appealing for outside forces to help end the war.
  • Southern leaders seceded and declared the Democratic Republic of Yemen (DRY) on 21 May 1994. No international government recognized the DRY.
  • In mid-May, northern forces began a push toward Aden. The key city of Ataq, which allowed access to the country's oil fields. It was seized on May 24.
  • The United Nations Security Council adopted Resolution 924 calling for an end to the fighting and a cease-fire. A cease-fire was called on 6 June, but lasted only six hours; concurrent talks to end the fighting in Cairo collapsed as well.
  • The north entered Aden on 4 July. Supporters of Ali Nasir Muhammad greatly assisted military operations against the secessionists and Aden was captured on 7 July 1994. Most resistance quickly collapsed and top southern military and political leaders fled into exile.
  • Almost all of the actual fighting in the 1994 civil war occurred in the southern part of the country, despite air and missile attacks against cities and major installations in the north. Southerners sought support from neighbouring states and may have received military assistance from Saudi Arabia and Oman, which felt threatened by a united Yemen. The United States repeatedly called for a cease-fire and a return to the negotiating table. Various attempts, including by a UN special envoy and Russia, were unsuccessful to effect a cease-fire.
  • President Saleh now had control over all of Yemen. A general amnesty was declared, except for 16 southern figures accused of misappropriation of official funds.
  • YSP (Yemen Socialist Party) leaders within Yemen reorganized following the civil war and elected a new politburo in July 1994. However, much of its influence had been destroyed in the war.
  • Yemen, Recent history; Yemen
    1995 May
    199-
    The National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of Canada presented a paper entitled A Bahá'í Perspective on the Future of Canadian Foreign Policy to the Special Joint Parliamentary Committee reviewing Canadian Foreign Policy. [A Bahá'í Perspective on the Future of Canadian Foreign Policy] Foreign policy; National Spiritual Assembly of Canada; - Statements; - National Spiritual Assembly, statements; - Statements; Canada
    1994 May 19
    199-
    The first National Bahá'í Conference of Armenia was held in Yerevan. [BINS318:5–6] Conferences, Bahá'í; - Conferences, National; Yerevan, Armenia; Armenia
    1994 May
    199-
    An accord between northern and southern leaders of Yemen was signed in Amman but this could not stop the civil war. During these tensions, both the northern and southern armies–which had never integrated–gathered on their respective frontiers. Yemen, Recent history; Yemen
    1994 May 22
    199-
    The first Bahá'í Children and Youth Conference of Martinique was held in Fort-de-France, attended by 22 people. [BINS318:4–5] Conferences, Bahá'í; Conferences, Youth; Youth; Fort-de-France, Martinique; Martinique First Bahá'í Children and Youth Conference of Martinique
    1994 Jun
    199-
    The first National Youth School of Mongolia was held in Darkhan, attended by 34 youth. [BINS321:4] Darkhan, Mongolia; Mongolia first National Youth School of Mongolia
    1994 Jun 11 – 12
    199-
    The first Bahá'í conference to be held in the Republic of Georgia took place in Tbilisi, attended by over a hundred people from countries. [BINS319:5] Tbilisi, Georgia; Georgia first Bahá'í conference to be held in the Republic of Georgia
    1994 Jun 13
    199-
    The Prime Minister of Israel, Yitzhak Rabin, visited the Bahá'í World Centre to view the Terraces Project. [BW94–5:77] Yitzzhak Rabin; - Prime Ministers; Prominent visitors; Israel; Haifa, Israel; - Bahá'í World Centre
    1994 Jul 6 – 10
    199-
    The first Children's Bahá'í Summer School of Pakistan was held in Abbottabad, attended by 13 children. [BINS324:5] Summer schools; Abbottabad, Pakistan; Pakistan first Children's Bahá'í Summer School of Pakistan
    1994 Jul 20 – 25
    199-
    The European Bahá'í Youth Council sponsored five regional 'Shaping Europe' conferences, in Berlin, Bucharest, St Petersburg, Barcelona and Wolverhampton, United Kingdom. [BINS323:3–5; BW94–5:177–8, 189] Conferences, Bahá'í; Conferences, Youth; - Conferences, International; Youth; Berlin, Germany; Germany; Bucharest, Romania; Romania; St. Petersburg, Russia; Russia; Barcelona, Spain; Portugal; Wolverhampton, England; United Kingdom; - Europe
    1994 Jul 22 – 23
    199-
    His Excellency France Albert René, President of the Republic of Seychelles, consulted with the Universal House of Justice. [BINS322:9; BW94–5:76–7] Prominent visitors; Seychelles
    1994 Jul 28
    199-
    The World Forestry Charter Gatherings, established by Richard St. Barbe Baker in 1945, were re-instituted by the Bahá'í International Community's Office of the Environment at a luncheon at St James's Palace, London. [AWH75; BW94–5:112–13, 142–3; OC6,2:1; VV106]
  • For pictures see BW94–5:143 and OC6,2:1, 12.
  • Environment; Richard St. Barbe Baker; Bahá'í International Community; London, England; United Kingdom
    1994 (Summer)
    199-
    A Maoris teaching team visited British Columbia. The visit was reciprocated by The Journey of Teech-ma, the First Nations Travel Teaching Trip to the South Pacific. See entry for 24 March, 1997. [SDSC370] - First Nations, Canada; Maoris; - Indigenous people; Travel Teaching; British Columbia, Canada; Canada; Australia; New Zealand
    1994 Aug 4
    199-
    Shimon Peres, Israel's Minister of Foreign Affairs, made an official visit to the Bahá'í World Centre. [BW94–5:77] Shimon Peres; Israel; Haifa, Israel; - Bahá'í World Centre
    1994 28 Aug
    199-
    The publication of The Evolution of Institutional Capacity for Social and Economic Development prepared by the Office of Social and Economic Development. It described two types of organizational arrangements that emerged in the Bahá'í world capable of undertaking increasingly complex development efforts - training institutes and Bahá'í-inspired agencies. Social and economic development; Office of Social and Economic Development (OSED); - Bahá'í World Centre
    1994 Sep 5 – 13
    199-
    The Bahá'í International Community attended the United Nations International Conference on Population of Development and the parallel Non-Governmental Organizations' Forum in Cairo. [BINS328:1] Bahá'í International Community; United Nations; Cairo, Egypt; Egypt
    1994 Sep 9 – 11
    199-
    The first National Youth Conference of Liberia was held, attended by 75 youth. [BW94–5:188–9]
  • For picture see BW94–5:189.
  • Conferences, Bahá'í; Conferences, Youth; Youth; - First conferences; Liberia First National Youth Conference of Liberia
    1994 25 Sep
    199-
    The murder of Mr Esfandiar Bassari in Umtata, Transkei. He and his wife, Forough Bassari, were shot in an attack by gunmen. They had moved from Canada. Mr. Bassari was a hydro-geologist working with the Department of Agriculture and Forestry. [From a press release from the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of South Africa dated 26 September, 1994] Esfandiar Bassari; Forough Bassari; Mthatha, South Africa; Transkei, South Africa
    1994 Oct
    199-
    The Bahá'í Health Association for Central and Eastern Europe and the European Bahá'í Dental Association were formed at the second Bahá'í Health Conference held at De Poort, Netherlands. [BW94–5:116] Conferences, Bahá'í; Conferences, Health; - Conferences, International; Bahá'í associations; Groesbeek, Netherlands; Netherlands
    1994 1 Oct
    199-
    President Ali Abdallah Saleh was elected by Parliament to a 5-year term. However, he remained in office until 2012. Yemen, Recent history; Yemen
    1994 19 Oct
    199-
    The publication of In the Eyes of His Beloved Servants: The Second Bahá'í World Congress and Holy Year by J. Michael Kafes. This book captured the firsthand experiences of Bahá'ís from all around the world who participated in the Bahá'í World Congress at the Jacob Javits Convention Center in November 1992, as well as experiences Bahá'ís had during the Baha'i Holy Year. [from the book] Bahá'í World Congress, Second (1992); Holy Years; New York, USA; United States (USA)
    1994 24 Oct
    199-
    The Supreme Court of India, in judgment to settle a religious dispute between Hindus and Muslims, cited the Bahá'í Faith as an example and the Teachings of the Faith as guidelines for resolving such disputes. [BW94-95p130-131; One Country]

    Background: On the 6th of December, 1992, the Babri mosque in the northern town of Ayodhya was razed by a group of Hindus because the mosque, built in 1528, had been erected on the spot where the Hindu deity Rama is said to have been born thousands of years earlier. The destruction enraged Muslims and ignited a grave crisis in India. Muslim and Hindu mobs attacked each other's houses of worship, homes and people in a number of cities, resulting in the death of hundreds and the destruction of property not only in India but in Pakistan, Bangladesh, and even in Britain. [Mess86-01p440]

      The Bahá'í community had issued a statement in English that highlighted a central theme: "Communal Harmony—India's Greatest Challenge." The issue of religious conflict and the importance of harmony and peacebuilding were emphasized. This statement was later translated into most of the official languages of India and distributed to Ministers, bureaucrats, district county workers, the superintendent of police, NGOS, and faith communities.

    The judges, in their ruling, quoted from the statement from the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of India Communal Harmony: India's Greatest Challenge. [Mess86-01p441]

  • A timeline for the case.
  • Communal harmony; Communalism; Ethnic divisions; Conflict resolution; - Statements; - National Spiritual Assembly, statements; Public discourse; New Delhi, India; India; Ayodhya, India
    1994 1 Nov
    199-
    The publication of Olya's Story: A Survivor's Dramatic Account of the Persecution of Bahá'ís in Revolutionary Iran by Olya Roohizadegan. It was published by Oneworld Publications of London, UK
  • For a review see One Country Vol 6 issue 3 Oct-Dec 1994 p16->15
  • * Persecution, Iran
    1994 Dec 7 – 9
    199-
    The first World Press Exhibition was held by the Information and Public Relations Committees of the National Spiritual Assembly of El Salvador to mark the International Day of Peace. [BINS335:2] Exhibitions; Peace; El Salvador
    1994 15 Dec
    199-
    In a letter to an individual in response to a number of queries about the degree of authority of various types of writings and status of the documents prepared by the Research Department, the Department of the Secretariat delineated the process to obtain the classification of an authorized translation.
      ...a translation is regarded as authorized when it is approved by one or more translation committees appointed by the Universal House of Justice. While members of the Research Department may well, from time to time, be appointed to serve on such a translation committee, the authorization of new translations is currently not one of the responsibilities assigned to the Research Department by the House of Justice. Further, the approval of a translation does not mean that improvements or amendments cannot be made to it in the future.

    They go on to note that Shoghi Effendi did not regard his own translation of the Kitáb-i-Íqán as final but that it might assist others in their work.

    They also noted that translations into most other languages use the English translation rather than the original text. [15 December 1994]

    * Translation; Translation, Authorization; Translation, Policy; - Bahá'í World Centre
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