World Canada | |||
date | event | tags | firsts |
1879 or 1880 187- |
Birth of Túbá Khánum, second daughter of `Abdu'l-Bahá. [CH93, 95, ABMM] | Tuba Khanum; `Abdu'l-Bahá, Family of; * `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); Births and deaths; Akka, Israel | |
1879 Nov 30 187- |
Birth of Laura Clifford Barney (Laura Dreyfus-Barney) in Cincinnati, Ohio. She compiled Some Answered Questions from her interviews with `Abdu'l-Bahá during her visit to Acca between 1904 and 1906. (d. Paris 18 August 1974) | Some Answered Questions (book); Laura Clifford Barney; Births and deaths; Cincinnati, OH; Ohio, USA; United States (USA) | |
1879 Sep 187- |
Bahá'u'lláh moved to the empty mansion at Bahjí after two years' residence at Mazra`ih. [BBD42; BKG362]
Note: The date of Bahá'u'lláh's first arrival at the Mansion of Bahji is given as September 1879 in Bahá'u'lláh: The King of Glory, p. 362. However, in a Tablet dated 11 Rabí`u'l-Avval 1298 A.H. [11 February 1881], Bahá'u'lláh tells Núri'd- Dín that it had been only a month since He arrived at the Mansion; see Núri'd- Dín's Collection, p. 43. [Memories of the Báb, Bahá'u'lláh and `Abdu'l-Bahá by Mírzá Habíbu'lláh Afnán p32] |
House of Bahá'u'lláh (Bahji); Bahá'u'lláh, Houses of; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Bahá'í World Centre buildings, monuments and gardens; * Bahá'í World Centre; Mazraih, Iran; Bahji, Israel | |
1879 20 Jun 187- |
Mishkín-Qalam was given permission to move from Famagusta to Nicosia. [BBR307] | Mishkin-Qalam; Famagusta, Cyprus; Nicosia, Cyprus; Cyprus | |
1879 Summer 187- |
An epidemic of plague broke out in `Akká and environs. Among others who felt its effects were `Údí Khammár and his family who left the mansion at Bahjí. [BBD42, 128; BKG362; DH91, 203; GPB194] | Udi Khammar; Bahji, Israel; House of Bahá'u'lláh (Bahji); Akka, Israel | |
1879 17 Mar 187- |
The martyrdom of Hájí Siyyid Muhammad-Hasan, the `King of Martyrs' (Sultánu'sh-Shuhadá), and Hájí Siyyid Muhammad-Husayn, the `Beloved of Martyrs'. [BW18:383]
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Mírzá Muhammad-Hasan (King of Martyrs); Mírzá Muhammad-Husayn (Beloved of Martyrs); King of Martyrs and Beloved of Martyrs; Mir Muhammad-Husayn; Shaykh Muhammad-Baqir; Wolf; Zillus-Sultan; - Apostles of Bahá'u'lláh; Sultanush-Shuhada; Isfahan, Iran; Iran | |
1879 12 Mar 187- |
The arrest of Hájí Siyyid Muhammad-Hasan, the `King of Martyrs', and Hájí Siyyid Muhammad-Husayn, the `Beloved of Martyrs'. [BBD 130] | Mírzá Muhammad-Hasan (King of Martyrs); Mírzá Muhammad-Husayn (Beloved of Martyrs); King of Martyrs and Beloved of Martyrs | |
1879 (In the year) 187- |
`Abdu'l-Bahá traveled to Beirut at the invitation of Midhat Páshá, the Válí of Syria. [BKG378]
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Midhat Páshá; Muhammad Abduh; Lawh-i-Ard-i-Ba (Tablet of the Land of Ba); * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; * Bahaullah (chronology); Beirut, Lebanon; Lebanon; Egypt | |
c. 1879 187- |
Sárih Khánum, the faithful sister of Bahá'u'lláh, passed away in Tihrán. She was buried a short distance from the city. [RB1:49–50] | Sarih Khanum; Bahá'u'lláh, Family of; In Memoriam; Births and deaths; Cemeteries and graves; Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1878 12 Jul 187- |
The British government took over the administration of Cyprus. [BBR306] | History (general); United Kingdom, History (general); Colonialism and imperialism; Cyprus | |
1878 19 Feb 187- |
Birth of George Adam Benke, German-Russian Bahá'í, who after his death was named by Shoghi Effendi as the first European Bahá'í martyr, in the Ukraine. [BW5:416–18] | George Adam Benke; Births and deaths; Ukraine | First European Bahá'í martyr |
1878 (In the year) 187- |
Although He was still a prisoner of the Ottoman Empire, 'Abdu'l-Bahá was allowed to travel to Beirut, Lebanon at the invitation of Midhat Páshá, a brilliant statesman and liberal reformer. In Beirut, He met many of the notables of the Arab world.
At this time Bahá'u'lláh revealed Lawḥ-i-'Arḍ-i-Bá (Tablet of the Land of Bá). [WOBp136; ABp38] Conflict:"The Extraordinary Life of 'Abdu'l-Bahá" Slide 40/114 says the visit to Beirut took place in June of 1880. |
* Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Beirut, Lebanon; Lebanon | |
1878 (In the year) 187- |
Siyyid Mustafá Rúmí arrived in Burma with Jamál Effendi.
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Siyyid Mustafa Rumi; Jamal Effendi; * Hands of the Cause; Firsts, other; Exemplar (film); Daidanaw, Myanmar; Myanmar | First all-Bahá'í village outside Iran |
1878 (In the year) 187- |
It was not until 1878 that the Baha'is of Tehran received copies of the Kitab-i Aqdas and began to implement some of its laws in their personal lives. Upon reading it Mirza Asadu'llah Isfahani was particularly struck by the command of Bahá'u'lláh that a House of Justice should be established by the Baha'is in every city.
Mirza Asadu'llah was the first to undertake the organization of a local House of Justice in Iran. He took the initiative to invite eight other prominent believers to form a body, responding to the laws of the Kitáb-i Aqdas , which they referred to as bayt al-'adl (House of Justice) or bayt al-a'zam (the Most Great House). The organization of this first House of Justice was kept a secret, even from the believers. However, it met sporadically in the home of Mirza Asadu'llah for a couple of years. After consulting with this body, the prominent Bahá'í men who had been invited to attend its meetings would seek to take action as individual Bahá'í teachers that would implement its decisions. Around 1881, the Tehran House of Justice was reorganized and more members were added. The House adopted a written constitution and pursued its activities with more organization and vigour than before. The constitution mandated, however, that the meetings remain strictly confidential, hidden from the body of the believers. [The Service of Women on the Institutions of the Baha'i Faith] |
Local Spiritual Assembly, formation; Kitáb-i-Aqdas (Most Holy Book); Mírzá Asadullah-i-Isfahani; Tehran, Iran; Iran | first Local Spiritual Assembly |
1878 to 1881 187- |
The law of the Huqúqu'lláh was put into practice because the work of teaching the Cause began to expand in Persia and in neighbouring countries and there was a need for funds but Bahá'u'lláh put restrictions on its collection. [ESW56]
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Huqúqu'lláh; Huququllah, Trustees of; Hájí Shah-Muhammad-i-Manshadi (Aminul-Bayan); Báb, Remains of; Mosques; Firsts, other; Iran; Yazd, Iran; Baghdad, Iraq; Tehran, Iran | The First Trustee of the Huqúqu'lláh |
1877 Dec 187- |
Mullá Kázim-i-Tálkhunchi'í was executed in Isfahán. [BBR273–4; BW18:383] | Mulla Kazim-i-Talkhunchii; Isfahan, Iran | |
1877 (Near the end of the year) 187- |
Conversion of Siyyid Mustafá Rúmí in Calcutta, while he was travelling with Jamál Effendi. [RSLG] | Siyyid Mustafa Rumi; Jamal Effendi; Kolkata, India; India | |
1877 26 Sep 187- |
Birth of Siegfried Schopflocher, Hand of the Cause of God, in Germany. | Siegfried Schopflocher; * Hands of the Cause; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Births and deaths; Fürth, Germany; Bavaria, Germany; Germany | |
1877 Sep 187- |
Hájí `Abdu'l-Majíd-i-Níshápúrí was executed in Mashhad. [BW18:383] | Hájí `Abdu'l-Majid-i-Nishapuri; Persecution, Iran; Mashhad, Iran; Iran | |
1877 3–10 Jun 187- |
Bahá'u'lláh took up residence at Mazra`ih. [BBD154]
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House of Bahá'u'lláh (Mazraih); Bahá'u'lláh, Houses of; * Bahaullah (chronology); Shaykh Aliy-i-Miri (Mufti of Akka); Bahiyyih Khanum (Greatest Holy Leaf); Navvab (Asiyih Khanum); * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Bahá'í World Centre buildings, monuments and gardens; * Bahá'í World Centre; Akka, Israel | |
1868-1873 187- |
See Bibliography for the Tablets of Baha'u'llah: List of citations and resources for Tablets revealed 1868-1877 compiled by Jonah Winters.
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* Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Akka, Israel | |
1877 Jun 187- |
Possibly the first visit of Bahá'u'lláh to the Ridván Garden outside `Akká. [BBD196–7; DH95; GPB193]
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Ridván garden; * Bahaullah (chronology); Gardens; Firsts, other; - Bahá'í World Centre buildings, monuments and gardens; * Bahá'í World Centre; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Radiyyih (sister of Munirih Khanum); Akka, Israel | First visit of Bahá'u'lláh to Ridván Garden outside `Akká |
1877 Spring 187- |
`Abdu'l-Bahá held a banquet for the notables of `Akká in a pine grove near Bahjí. [BKG358; DH54, 87]
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Firmans; * `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); Bahji, Israel | |
1877 – 1878 187- |
As a result of the war between Russia and Turkey some 11 million people were freed from the Turkish yoke. Adrianople was occupied by the Russian ally, Bulgaria. The Ottoman enemies were brought to the gates of Istanbul. [BKG262; GPB225]
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War; History (general); Edirne, Turkey; Pleven, Bulgaria; Turkey; Russia | |
c. 1877 187- |
`Abdu'l-Bahá rented the house of Mazra`ih for Bahá'u'lláh's use. [BKG357; DH87; RB3:416] | Bahá'u'lláh, Houses of; House of Bahá'u'lláh (Mazraih); * `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); - Bahá'í World Centre buildings, monuments and gardens; * Bahá'í World Centre; Akka, Israel | |
1876 31 Aug 187- |
Deposition of Murád V followed by the accession of `Abdu'l-Hamíd II to the Sultanate of the Ottoman Empire, upon which the banishment decree of Sultan 'Abdu'l-Aziz for Bahá'u'lláh was relaxed. | Murad V; `Abdu'l-Hamid II; - Sultan; Istanbul, Turkey; Turkey | |
1876 14 Jun 187- |
Birth of George Townshend, Hand of the Cause of God, in Dublin. | George Townshend; * Hands of the Cause; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Births and deaths; Dublin, Ireland; Ireland | |
1876 4 Jun 187- |
`Abdu'l-`Azíz either committed suicide or was assassinated. [BBD2; BBR485; GPB225]
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Sultán `Abdu'l-Azíz; Births and deaths; Nasirid-Din Sháh; Murad V; Lawh-i-Fuad (Tablet to Fuad Pasha); Suriy-i-Muluk (Surih to the Kings); History (general); Prophecies; Istanbul, Turkey; Turkey | |
1876 30 May 187- |
Sultán `Abdu'l-`Azíz was deposed. He had ruled from 1861. [BBR485] | Sultán `Abdu'l-Azíz; - Sultans; History (general); Ottoman Empire; Turkey | |
1876 14 Feb 187- |
Birth of Keith Ransom-Kehler, Hand of the Cause and the first American Bahá'í martyr, in Kentucky. | Keith Ransom-Kehler; * Hands of the Cause; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Births and deaths; Firsts, other; Kentucky, USA; United States (USA) | First American Bahá'í martyr |
1876 (In the year) 187- |
The conversion of Mírzá Abu'l-Fadl Gulpáygání, a leading clerical philosopher. [BBRSM88; EB264]
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Mírzá Abu'l-Fadl Gulpaygani; Iran | |
1876 (In the year) 187- |
Six Bahá'ís were arrested in Tihrán and imprisoned for three months and 17 days. [BW18:383] | Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution; Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1876 - 1883 187- |
The Lawh-i-Aflákiyyih (Tablet of the Universe) was revealed by Àbdu'l-Bahá in Arabic sometime between 1876 and 1883, probably at the request of Bahá'u'lláh. It has been suggested that the recipient was Jináb-i-Mírzá Muḥammad Ḥusayn-i-Munajjim-i-Tafrishí, a devoted early believer and skilled astronomer.
See Historical Background of the Lawh-i-Aflákíyyih, Tablet of the Universe from the Research Department dated 10 June 2014. The Research Department suggested scholarly works by William Hatcher, Ian Kluge and Steven Phelps might be of interest to the inquirer. Other studies on the Tablet on Bahá'í Library Online are:
See also One Physicist's first Look at Abdu'l-Baha's Tablet of the Universe by Vahid Houston Ranjbar. |
* `Abdu'l-Bahá, Writings and talks of; Lawh-i-Aflakiyyih (Tablet of the Universe); - Science | |
1875 Nov 187- |
British prime minister Benjamin Disraeli borrowed 4 million pounds to acquire the Khedive ́s holding of the Suez Canal shares and secured for Britain 44% control of the Canal. At this time the traffic in the Canal was 80% British. [Wikipedia; Colonialism, Nationalism and Jewish Immigration to Palestine: Abdu'l-Baha's Viewpoints Regarding the Middle East by Kamran Ekbal p3] | Suez Canal; Egypt | |
1875 16 Oct 187- |
Birth of Tarázu'lláh Samandarí, Hand of the Cause of God, in Qazvín. | Tarazullah Samandari; * Hands of the Cause; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Births and deaths; Qazvin, Iran; Iran | |
1875 21 Jul 187- |
Birth of Agnes Baldwin Alexander, Hand of the Cause, in Hawaii.
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Agnes Alexander; * Hands of the Cause; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Births and deaths; Hawaii, USA | |
1875 (In the year) 187- |
Theosophy was established as a religious philosophical movement in New York City by Helena Petrovna Blavatsky (1831-1891). It contained elements of Hinduism and Buddhism and held that the purpose of all the religions was to assist humanity toward perfection and that all religions had a portion of the "truth". It has since split into a number of conflicting ideologies. [ABF9note54, Wikipedia (Blavatskian)]
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Theosophy; Theosophical Society; Helena Blavatsky; Esotericism; Occultism; New York, USA; United States (USA) | |
1875 (In the year) 187- |
At the request of Baha'u'lláh,`Abdu'l-Bahá wrote The Mysterious Forces of Civilization, a treatise on the establishment of a just, progressive and divinely-based government. [SDCv; Baha'u'llah on the Circumstances of the Composition of "The Secret of Divine Civilization" a provisional translation of a Tablet by Bahá'u'lláh by Adib Masumian]
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Secret of Divine Civilization (book); - Publishing; * Publications; - First publications; Corruption; Reform; Iran, General history; * `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); * `Abdu'l-Bahá, Writings and talks of; * `Abdu'l-Bahá, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Adib Masumian; Akka, Israel; Mumbai, India; India; Iran | |
1875 (In the year) 187- |
`Abdu'l-Bahá rented a small garden near `Akká for Bahá'u'lláh's use. [BBD196–7; DH95]
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Ridván garden; * `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); * Bahaullah (chronology); Gardens; Akka, Israel | |
1875 (In the year) 187- |
Bahá'u'lláh sent Sulaymán Khán Ilyás, Jamál Effendi, to India. [BW4:285; GPB195; MC155]
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Sulayman Khan Ilyas; Jamal Effendi; Siyyid Mustafa Rumi; Mumbai, India; Kolkata, India; Chennai, India; India; Myanmar | first.. |
1875 (In the year) 187- |
The `ulamá arouse the rabble against the Bahá'ís in Sidih, Isfahán. Several Bahá'ís were imprisoned, including Nayyir and Síná. [BW18:383] | Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution; Sidih, Iran; Isfahan, Iran; Iran | |
1875 (In the year) 187- |
Ḥakím Áqá Ján was the first Jewish believer from Hamadán. Given his position of leadership in the Jewish community, his acceptance of the Cause guided countless other Jews of Hamadán to do the same. He was convinced of the truth of the Faith after attending the talks of Hand of the Cause Ibn-i-Aṣdaq who had come from Khurásán to Hamadán and would hold gatherings for teaching the Cause.
The wife of Ḥakím Áqá Ján, Ṭúṭí Khánum, was a deeply faithful believer and his son, Mírzá Mihdí Khán, a doctor of medicine like his father, became the personal physician of Náṣiri'd-Dín Sháh. In 1881, on his deathbed, Ḥakím Áqá Ján was reported to have seen Bahá'u'lláh standing in his room although He was in the Holy Land. In a tablet addressed to his son after his passing, Bahá'u'lláh said that He was with him at the moment of his ascension. [An Account of the Life of Ḥakím Áqá Ján translated by Adobe Masumian] For more information on the enrolment of Persian Jews see Jewish Identities in Iran: Resistance and Conversion to Islam and the Baha'i Faith by Mehrdad Amanat as well as Arsalan Geula's Iranian Bahá'ís from Jewish Background: A Portrait of an Emerging Bahá'í Community.] |
Jews; Hamadán, Iran; Iran | the first Jewish believer from Hamadán. |
1874 14 Nov 187- |
Birth of William Sutherland Maxwell, Hand of the Cause of God, in Montreal. | Sutherland Maxwell; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Births and deaths; Montreal, QC; Canada | |
1874 9 Oct 187- |
Headquartered in Bern, Switzerland, the General Postal Union was established when 22 countries signed the Treaty of Bern on this day in 1874. The organization was formed with the intent of unifying the multitude of international postal services into a single postal territory and establishing regulations for international mail exchanges. In 1878, the group's name was changed to the Universal Postal Union to reflect its fast-growing global membership. Today, the UPU has expanded to 192 member countries and not only sets the guidelines for international mail exchanges, but also serves to advise, mediate, and act as a liaison in postal matters, making recommendations for growth and providing technical assistance as needed.
The Universal Postal Congress it held every four years. The 28th Universal Postal Congress will be held in 2025 in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Four Extraordinary Congresses have been held to date. The last one was held in Saudi Arabia in 2023 to examine proposals associated with the further opening up of the Union to wider postal sector players, as well as other urgent postal sector issues. The Universal Postal Union became a specialized agency of the United Nations on 1 July 1948. As such, the UPU contributes to the development of UN policies and activities that have a direct link with its mandate and missions to promote social and economic development.is the world's second oldest international organization. [UPU website] |
United Nations; International relations; International Standards; Bern, Switzerland; Switzerland; Dubai, United Arab Emirates | |
1874 6 Jun 187- |
Birth of Louis George Gregory, Hand of the Cause of God at Charleston, South Carolina. | Louis G. Gregory; * Hands of the Cause; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Births and deaths; South Carolina, USA; United States (USA) | |
1874 19 May 187- |
Birth of John Ebenezer Esslemont, Hand of the Cause of God, in Aberdeen, Scotland. | Esslemont; * Hands of the Cause; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Births and deaths; Aberdeen, Scotland; Scotland; United Kingdom | |
1874 8 May 187- |
The arrival of the eldest son of Násiri'd-Dín Sháh, Sultán-Mas'úd Mírzá, Zillu's-Sultán, in Isfahán as governor. [BBR269]
Within a few days of the arrival of Zillu's-Sultán in Isfahán, a general persecution of Bahá'ís began. [BBRXXXIX, 269–70] |
Sultan-Masud Mírzá; - Governors; Zillus-Sultan; Shaykh Muhammad-Baqir; Wolf; Isfahan, Iran; Iran | |
1874 Apr 187- |
Shaykh Muhammad-Báqir, the Wolf, has 20 or more Bahá'ís arrested in Isfahán. [BW18:383] | Shaykh Muhammad-Baqir; Wolf; Isfahan, Iran; Iran | |
1874 - 1875 187- |
The passing of Mullá Sádiq-i-Muqaddas-i-Khurásání entitled by Bahá'u'lláh Ism'lláh'l-Asdaq (In the Name of God the Most Truthful) in Hamadán. He was born in Mashhad in around 1800, the son of a cleric, he furthered his own clerical studies in Karbila under the Shaykhi leader Sayyid Qasim Rashti, eventually gaining the rank of mujtahid, and becoming known by the honorific title Muqaddas ('the holy one').
Note: Other sources fix his passing, EB23 and LoF32: 1889, but Bahá'í Encyclopedia Project had determine his passing as 1291 A.H or 1874-1875. The source is a letter from the Research Department dated 25 July 2005. |
In Memoriam; * Hands of the Cause; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Births and deaths; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Ismullahul-Asdaq (Mulla Sadiq Khurasani); Hands of the Cause, referred to as such by `Abdu'l-Bahá; Hamadán, Iran; Iran | |
1873 or 1874 187- |
Lawh-i-Hikmat (Tablet of Wisdom) was written by Bahá'u'lláh in 'Akká and addressed to Mulla Muhammad-'Alí (Nabíl-i-Qa'iní), a former mujtahid in the Ithna 'Ashari sect of Shi'i Islam and a distinguished Bahá'í scholar and teacher. In this Tablet, Bahá'u'lláh elaborated His teachings on many themes, including the origins and development of "hikmat-i-iláhí" (divine philosophy), discussing a number of philosophers, including the Father of Philosophy (Idris/Hermes), Balinus (Apollonius of Tyana), Empedocles, Pythagoras, Hippocrates, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and Pliny. As well He explained the influence of the Word of God and the cause and origin of creation and of nature.
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Lawh-i-Hikmat (Tablet of Wisdom); * Philosophy; Tablets of Bahá'u'lláh revealed after the Kitáb-i-Aqdas; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Ethel Rosenberg; Akka, Israel | |
1873 (Latter part of the year) 187- |
The existence of the Kitáb-i-Aqdas was made known to the Bahá'ís. [SA248] | Kitáb-i-Aqdas (Most Holy Book); * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; * Bahaullah (chronology); Akka, Israel | |
1873 Late in the year 187- |
Bahá'u'lláh acquired the house of `Abbúd. It is joined to the house of `Údí Khammár to make one residence and Bahá'u'lláh moved to the side of the house previously occupied by `Abbúd. [BBD106, 109; BKG319; DH51]
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Ilyas Abbud; House of Abbud; Bahá'u'lláh, Houses of; - Bahá'í World Centre buildings, monuments and gardens; * Bahá'í World Centre; Akka, Israel | |
1873 7 Jun 187- |
Birth of Amelia Engelder Collins, Hand of the Cause, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. | * Hands of the Cause; Amelia Collins; Births and deaths; Pittsburgh, PA; Pennsylvania, USA; United States (USA) | |
1873 12 Apr 187- |
Birth of Hippolyte Dreyfus, the first French Bahá'í, in Paris. Named by Shoghi Effendi a Disciple of `Abdu'l-Bahá. | Hippolyte Dreyfus-Barney; - Disciples of `Abdu'l-Bahá; First Bahá'ís by country or area; Births and deaths; Paris, France; France | First French Bahá'í |
1873 8 Mar 187- |
Marriage of `Abdu'l-Bahá to Munírih Khánum in the House of `Abbúd.
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* `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); `Abdu'l-Bahá, Family of; Munirih Khanum; Weddings; Mírzá Muhammad-`Alíy-i-Nahrí; Diyaiyyih Khanum; Mírzá Hadi Shirazi; Tuba Khanum; Mírzá Muhsin Afnan; Ruha Khanum; Mírzá Jalal; Mírzá Muhammad-Hasan (King of Martyrs); King of Martyrs and Beloved of Martyrs; Munavvar Khanum; Mírzá Ahmad; Genealogy; - Basic timeline, Expanded; * `Abdu'l-Bahá, Basic timeline; Akka, Israel | |
1873 1 Mar 187- |
Bahá'u'lláh revealed the Tablet of the Vision, "Lawh-i-Rú'yá" in Arabic. See the Provisional Translation by Stephan Lambden. | Lawh-i-Ruya (Tablet of the Vision); * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Maid of Heaven; Akka, Israel | |
1873 c. Mar 187- |
Ilyás `Abbúd offers to provide a room in his house for `Abdu'l-Bahá and Munírih Khánum after their marriage. He furnished a room, opened a doorway into it through the dividing wall and presented it to Bahá'u'lláh for `Abdu'l-Bahá's use. [BKG348; DH45] | Ilyas Abbud; House of Abbud; * `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); Munirih Khanum | |
1873 (In the year) 187- |
The Law of the Huqúqu'lláh that had first been ordained by the Báb in 1848 in the Persian Bayán (chapter 19 of unit 5), was reiterated in the Kitáb-i-Aqdas, verses 227-233 and in the Questions and Answers.
When Bahá'u'lláh revealed The Kitáb-i-Aqdas, He ordered it not to be released for a while. The reason for this He states in a Tablet was because it contained the law of Ḥuqúq, and He worried that the friends may not obey it, or even worse, may come to the wrong conclusions. The very thought that some people, in their immaturity, might possibly assume that the Ḥuqúq was intended for Bahá'u'lláh's personal use was extremely painful to Him.[Huqúqu'lláh The Right of God Study Guide by Firaydoun Javaheri 2015 p8] |
Huququllah, Basic timeline; Huqúqu'lláh; Kitáb-i-Aqdas (Most Holy Book); Questions and Answers (Kitáb-i-Aqdas); - Gradual implementation of laws | |
1873 (In the year) 187- |
The revelation of the obligatory prayers. "Many of the laws of the Báb...are carefully designed in a way that testifies that the advent of Him Whom God shall make manifest was impending....The Báb never revealed the words of the (obligatory) prayer itself, thus making the implementation of this law dependent on the arrival of the Promised One." [GH366] The original Bahá'í obligatory prayer, mentioned in the Kitab-i-Aqdas, involved nine cycles of movement starting with a bow (rak`ah) and was to be said morning, noon, and afternoon. It probably called for three rak`ahs at each time. Bahá'u'lláh revealed the text but did not release it in order to avoid provoking conflict with Muslims. (This prayer was one of the documents in the cases taken by `Abdu'l-Bahá's brothers shortly after the passing of Bahá'u'lláh.) Some time later, after the writing of the Kitab-i-Aqdas but before that of its supplement Questions and Answers, Bahá'u'lláh wrote a second set of obligatory prayers which are in use today. Three alternative forms were provided: a very short prayer to be said between noon and sunset; a somewhat longer prayer to be said in the morning, the afternoon, and the evening; and a long prayer to be said once during twenty-four hours. [Prayer and Worship by John Walbridge] |
Obligatory prayer; Prayer; Kitáb-i-Aqdas (Most Holy Book); Questions and Answers (Kitáb-i-Aqdas); Laws | |
1873 Early part 187- |
Bahá'u'lláh completed the revelation of the Kitáb-i-Aqdas in the southeast corner room of the house of `Údí Khammár. [BBD132; BKG351; DH46; GPB213; RB3:275; SA248; BBS145]
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Kitáb-i-Aqdas (Most Holy Book); - Basic timeline, Condensed; - Basic timeline, Expanded; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; Laws; House of Udi Khammar; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; * Bahaullah (chronology); - Dating of Writings; Tablets to kings and rulers; Napoleon III; - Gradual implementation of laws; Akka, Israel | |
1873 (In the year) 187- |
Ahmad Big Tawfíq (Ahmad Bey) became Mutasarrif of `Akká. [BBD12, 20; BBR487; DH126–9; GPB192]
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Ahmad Big Tawfiq (Ahmad Bey); - Mutasarrifs; - Governors; Akka, Israel | |
1873 - 1892 187- |
During this period Bahá'u'lláh's Writings pertained to the establishment of the new world order. | * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Akka, Israel | |
1873 (In the year) 187- |
Ibn-i-Abhar was arrested in Tihrán and imprisoned for 14 months and 15 days. [BW18:383] | Ibn-i-Abhar (Mulla Muhammad Taqi); Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1872 Early 1870's 187- |
The Arabic and Persian text of Bahá'u'lláh's 'Tablet of Medicine' (Lawh-i-Tibb) is to be dated to the early 'Akká period of his ministry (early 1870s?). It was addressed to a Bahá'í named Mírzá Muhammad Ridá'-yi Tabib-i Yazdí, a physician of the traditional school.
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* Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Lawh-i-Tibb (Tablet to a Physician); Akka, Israel; United States (USA) | |
1872 Last months 187- |
Munírih Khánum arrived in `Akká. She stayed in the house of Mírzá Músá for five months. [MKBM44]
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Munirih Khanum; Mírzá Musa (Aqay-i-Kalim); Akka, Israel | |
1872 22 Nov 187- |
Muhammad-Báqir-i-Mahallátí, one of the Bahá'ís imprisoned in Cyprus, died. [BBR306]
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Aqa Muhammad-Baqir (Qahvih-chiy-i Mahallati); Mishkin-Qalam; In Memoriam; Births and deaths; Cyprus exiles; Cyprus | |
1872 Oct 187- |
The Reverend James Huber, a missionary from the Church Missionary Society of Germany stationed in Nazareth, in the company of Georg David Hardegg of the Templer settlement in Haifa, tried to pay a visit to Bahá'u'lláh in 'Akká. They were unable to do so due to the fact that He was under police guard at the time. The two men were, however, received by 'Abdu'l-Bahá. [SBBH1p218] | James Huber; Georg David Hardegg; Templer Society (German Templer colony); Akka, Israel | |
1872 25 Jul 187- |
The Baron de Reuter concession in 1872 was a significant agreement between the government of Persia and a British financier named Julius de Reuter. This concession, sometimes referred to as the Reuter Concession, granted exclusive rights to de Reuter for the construction of a telegraph line that would connect Tehran to the western border with the Ottoman Empire and the right to explore and to exploit various natural resources, including mines and forests, along the proposed telegraph route.
The concession met with controversy and criticism and became a symbol of the encroachment of European powers and their control over Iran's resources and infrastructure. This lead to the re-negotiation of the contract and the terms of the concession were revised to be somewhat less favourable to the concessionaire. [Colonialism, Nationalism and Jewish Immigration to Palestine: Abdu'l-Baha's Viewpoints Regarding the Middle East by Kamran Ekbal p3; Wikipedia] |
Colonialism and imperialism; History (general); Iran, General history; Iran | |
1872 10 Aug 187- |
Birth of Martha Root, Hand of the Cause and itinerant Bahá'í teacher, in Richmond, Ohio. | Martha Root; * Hands of the Cause; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Births and deaths; Richmond, BC; Ohio, USA; United States (USA) | |
1872 31 May 187- |
Birth of Thomas Breakwell, considered the first English Bahá'í, in Woking, Surrey, England.
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Thomas Breakwell; Births and deaths; Ethel Rosenberg; Marion Miller; Woking, England; Surrey, BC; United Kingdom | First English Bahá'í |
1872 22 Jan 187- |
Three Azalís were murdered by seven Bahá'ís in 'Akká. [BBD163; BKG3256 DH41; GPB189; RB3:235]
The consternation that seized an already oppressed community was indescribable. Bahá'u'lláh's indignation knew no bounds. "Were We," He thus voices His emotions, in a Tablet revealed shortly after this act had been committed, "to make mention of what befell Us, the heavens would be rent asunder and the mountains would crumble." "My captivity," He wrote on another occasion, "cannot harm Me. That which can harm Me is the conduct of those who love Me, who claim to be related to Me, and yet perpetrate what causeth My heart and My pen to groan." [GPB189-190] |
Siyyid Muhammad-i-Isfahani; Ilyas Abbud; House of Abbud; House of Udi Khammar; Bahá'u'lláh, Houses of; * Bahaullah (chronology); * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; * `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); Antichrist; Murders; Opposition; Azali Bábís; Ustad Muhammad-`Alí Salmáni; Mírzá Yahya (Subh-i-Azal); - Basic timeline, Expanded; Akka, Israel | |
1872 (In the year) 187- |
Birth of Joseph H. Hannen, a Disciple of `Abdu'l-Bahá. | Joseph Hannen; Births and deaths | |
c. 1872 187- |
Bahá'u'lláh tasked Shaykh Salmán to escort Munírih Khánum (Fátimih Khánum) to `Akká to marry `Abdu'l-Bahá. She traveled from her home in Isfahan to Shíráz where she stayed with the wife of the Báb then went to Mecca for pilgrimage. From Mecca she traveled to `Akká. [MKBM26-44; RoB2p384-386]
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Munirih Khanum; Shaykh Salman; Isfahan, Iran; Iran; Shíráz, Iran; Mecca, Saudi Arabia; Akka, Israel | |
1872 (In the year) 187- |
Restoration of the House of the Báb began at the request of Khadíjih Bigum with the permission and the financial support of Bahá'u'lláh. She requested that the House not be restored to its original configuration to avoid painful memories. Therefore,
substantial changes were made to the structure of the House. These included making two of the rooms part of the expanded courtyard and moving the small pool.
Note: During the early days of the Afnán family, there was considerable competition within certain quarters of the family over the House of the Báb. On several occasions, the issue was brought to Bahá'u'lláh. He consistently reaffirmed the hereditary custodianship of Zahra Bagum and her descendants. By the time of `Abdu'l-Bahá's Ministry, only a few family members questioned the custodianship rights. However, to ensure complete unity, the Master reaffirmed the hereditary right of Núri'd-Dín and, thereafter, Mírzá Habíb. Before his passing, Mírzá Habíb passed the custodianship to his oldest son, Abú'l-Qásim Afnán. [MBBA115n165] |
Khadijih Bagum (wife of the Báb); Báb, House of (Shiraz); Restoration; Shíráz, Iran; Iran | |
1871 End of the year 187- |
Bahá'u'lláh revealed the Lawh-i-Qad Ihtaraqa'l-Mukhlisun (Fire Tablet) while living in the house of Udi Khammer. It was revealed in answer to a letter from one of His devoted followers in Persia, Haji Siyyid Alí-Akbar-i-Dahájí. In a passage, as yet untranslated, addressed to the uncle of Haji Siyyid 'Ali-Akbar, Bahá'u'lláh stated that He revealed the Fire Tablet for the nephew so that it might create in him feelings of joy as well as igniting in his heart the fire of the love of God. It was revealed at a time when great afflictions and sorrows had surrounded Bahá'u'lláh as a result of the hostility, betrayal and acts of infamy perpetrated by those few individuals who had once claimed to be the helpers of the Cause of God. [BKG321–2; RB3:226–31]
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Lawh-i-Qad-Ihtaraqal-Mukhlisun (Fire Tablet); Hájí Siyyid `Alí-Akbar-i-Dahájí; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; * Bahaullah (chronology); * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Akka, Israel | |
1871 1 Nov 187- |
Birth of `Lua' Getsinger (Lucinda Louisa Aurora Moore), Banner of the Cause (Líva), Disciple of `Abdu'l-Bahá, Herald of the Covenant and Mother Teacher of the West near Hume, New York. [AB67]
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May Maxwell (Bolles); Phoebe Hearst; Lua Getsinger; - Disciples of `Abdu'l-Bahá; Births and deaths; Hume, NY; United States (USA) | |
1871 16 Oct 187- |
The famous British writer and critic, Matthew Arnold, made a brief reference to the Faith in an address that he gave to the Birmingham and Midland Institute. (See M. Momen, Babi and Bahá'í Religions). This reference was probably because of Comte de Gobineau's book Les Religions et Les Philosophies dans l'Asie Centrale which was published in 1865. [First Public Mentions of the Bahá'í Faith in the West by Bahá'í Information Office of the UK] | Matthew Arnold; Comte de Gobineau; Mentions; Bábísm, Early Western Accounts of; Birmingham, England; United Kingdom | first public mention of the Faith in England |
1871 Sep 187- |
Bahá'u'lláh was transferred to the house of `Údí Khammár in `Akká. [BBD109; BKG317; DH39, 203; GPB189]
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Bahá'u'lláh, Houses of; House of Udi Khammar; Udi Khammar; House of Abbud; Ilyas Abbud; Khan-i-Avamid, Akka; - Bahá'í World Centre buildings, monuments and gardens; * Bahá'í World Centre; Pilgrim Houses; Akka, Israel | first pilgrim house. |
1871 4 Aug 187- |
Shaykh `Alíy-i-Sayyáh, one of the Bahá'ís imprisoned in Cyprus, died, allegedly of poisoning. [BBR306, FOI,Forward]
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Shaykh Aliy-i-Sayyah; Mishkin-Qalam; Cyprus | |
1871 mid-year 187- |
`Údí Khammár, a wealthy Maronite Christian merchant, and his family moved into the recently restored mansion at Bahjí, leaving their `Akká house empty. [BKG316–17; DH203] | Udi Khammar; Bahji, Israel; House of Udi Khammar; House of Bahá'u'lláh (Bahji); Akka, Israel | |
1871 c. May 187- |
Bahá'u'lláh was transferred to the house of Rábi`ih. [GPB189]
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House of Rabiih; Bahá'u'lláh, Houses of; Akka, Israel | |
1871 c. Jan 187- |
Bahá'u'lláh was moved to the house of Khavvám, across the street from the house of Malik. [BBR209–10; BKG315; GPB189]
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* Bahaullah (chronology); Bahá'u'lláh, Houses of; House of Khavvam; House of Malik; Akka, Israel | |
1871 (In the year) 187- |
Muhammad-Hasan Khán-i-Káshí died in Burújird, Iran, after being bastinadoed. [BW18:383]
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Muhammad-Hasan Khan-i-Kashi; Borujerd, Iran; Shíráz, Iran; Iran | |
1870 Oct 187- |
Bahá'u'lláh was moved to the house of Malik in the Fákhúrah quarter, in the western part of `Akká. [BBRXXIX, 209; BKG315; GPB189; RB3:221]
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* Bahaullah (chronology); Bahá'u'lláh, Houses of; House of Malik; Akka, Israel | |
1870 29 Sep 187- |
Mírzá `Abdu'l-Ghaffár effected his escape from Cyprus and rejoins Bahá'u'lláh in `Akká. [BBR306] | Mírzá `Abdu'l-Ghaffar; Cyprus; Akka, Israel | |
1870 1 - 2 Sep 187- |
Battle of Sedan. Napoleon III suffered defeat at the hands of Kaiser Wilhelm I. It resulted in the capture of Emperor Napoleon III and large numbers of his troops and for all intents and purposes decided the war in favour of Prussia and its allies, though fighting continued under a new French government. Napoleon went into exile in England, where he died in 1873.
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Franco-Prussian War; War; History (general); Napoleon III; Kaiser Wilhelm I; Kitáb-i-Aqdas (Most Holy Book); Sedan, France; France; Germany; United Kingdom | |
1870 19 Jul – 1871 10 May 187- |
Franco-Prussian War was a conflict between the Second French Empire of Napoleon III and the German states of the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia. The conflict was caused by Prussian ambitions to extend German unification and French fears of the shift in the European balance of power that would result if the Prussians succeeded.
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Franco-Prussian War; War; History (general); Napoleon III; Germany; France | |
1870 Jul 187- |
The Roman Catholic Vatican Council under Pope Pius IX formulated the doctrine of papal infallibility. Shortly afterwards Italian forces under Victor Emmanuel II attacked the Papal States and seize and occupy Rome, virtually extinguishing the temporal sovereignty of the pope. [GPB227; PDC54]
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Pope Pius IX; - Popes; - Christianity; History (general); Rome, Italy; Italy | |
1870 23 Jun 187- |
Mírzá Mihdí died from his injuries 22 hours after his fall. [BKG311–12; GPB188; RB3:208]
|
Mírzá Mihdi (Purest Branch); Births and deaths; In Memoriam; Cemeteries and graves; Akka, Israel | |
1870 22 Jun 187- |
Mírzá Mihdí, the Purest Branch, fell through the skylight in the roof of the prison in `Akká onto a crate lying on the floor below. [BKG311–12; GBP188; RB3:205]
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Mírzá Mihdi (Purest Branch); Qasidiyyih-Varqaiyyih (Ode of the Dove); Citadel (Akká barracks); Sacrifice; Pilgrimage; Pilgrims; First pilgrims; Akka, Israel | |
1870 14 Jan 187- |
Birth of May (or Mary) Ellis Bolles, prominent American Bahá'í teacher, in Englewood, New Jersey. [BFA1p141]
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May Maxwell (Bolles); Births and deaths; Dreams and visions; Englewood, NJ; New Jersey, USA; United States (USA) | |
1870 (In the year) 187- |
The Winkler Prins is a Dutch encyclopedia, founded by the Dutch poet and clergyman Anthony Winkler Prins (1817-1908) which ran through nine editions. The first was issued from 1870 to 1882 in 16 volumes, and the last, numbering 26 volumes, from 1990 to 1993. This final edition, titled De Grote Winkler Prins (the Great Winkler Prins) is one of the most comprehensive works of its kind published so far in any country, containing more than 200,000 articles and references.
Prins, himself a trained minister having studied at the Seminar of Mennonites, also championed the cause of reconciliation between science and religion and was what has been termed "a radical pacificist". The first edition, while not containing a separate lemma for the Faith, mentions the "Babis" in passing in the article on Persia. From the second edition in 1884, there was mention of the term "Babi" in a quarter-page article. With the publication of each edition, the articles became more informed and for the general public, the Winkler Prins Encyclopedia was probably the most used source of information about the Bahá'í Faith until well after World War II. [Bahaigeschiedenis.nl; Wikipedia] |
Encyclopedias; Winkler Prins encyclopedia; Mennonite; Mentions; Netherlands | |
1870 (In the year) 187- |
`Údí Khammár completed the restoration and expansion of the mansion at Bahjí originally built by `Abdu'lláh Páshá in 1821. [BBD42, 128; DH106-107]
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Udi Khammar; `Abdu'lláh Páshá; Bahji, Israel; Inscriptions; House of Bahá'u'lláh (Bahji); Restoration; Akka, Israel | |
1870 (In the year) 187- |
In Zanján, Áqá Siyyid Ashraf was arrested, condemned to death as a Bábí and executed. [BWG470]
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Aqa Siyyid Ashraf; Mir Jalil; Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution, Other; - Persecution; Zanjan, Iran; Iran | |
1870 (In the year) 187- |
Násiri'd-Dín Sháh maded a pilgrimage to the shrines in Iraq. In preparation for his visit the Bahá'ís were rounded up, arrested and exiled. [BBR267; BBRSM90; BKG441]
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Nasirid-Din Sháh; Persecution, Iraq; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution; Iraq; Iran |
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