World Canada | |||
date | event | tags | firsts |
1858 – 1862 185- |
It was in this period that Bahá'u'lláh revealed the Seven Valleys (Haft Vadi) in response to a request from a Súfí, Shaykh Muhyi'd-Dín, the Qádí of Khániqayn, whom He may have met in Kurdistán. In it Bahá'u'lláh described the "seven stages which the soul of the seeker must needs traverse ere it can attain the object of its existence." These seven stages were originally proposed by the great Persian Sufi poet Shaykh Faridu'd-Din Attar (d1230C.E) in his renowned work the Mantiqu't-Tayr (The Conference of the Birds.) [BBS94; GPB140; BBD206; BBRSM:64; SA150; BKG161-163; RoB1p98-101]
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* Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; * Bahaullah (chronology); Haft Vadi (Seven Valleys); - Call of the Divine Beloved (book); Sufism; Mysticism; Shaykh Muhyid-Din; - Basic timeline, Condensed; - Basic timeline, Expanded; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq; Kurdistan; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of (before Declaration) | |
1858 Aug 185- |
The dismissal of Mírzá Áqá Khán, the prime minister who had directed the persecution of the Bábís that followed the attempt on the life of the Sháh.
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Mírzá Aqa Khan; - Prime Ministers of Iran; - Prime Ministers; Nasirid-Din Sháh; Nasirid-Din Shah, Attempt on; - Shahs; Iran | |
1858 19 Jul 185- |
Nabil, who had met Bahá'u'lláh in 1850, was one of the Bábí leaders who claimed to be the promised messianic figure according to the Báb's prophecies. After his return to Baghdad he withdrew his claim when he recognized Bahá'u'lláh's status as the fulfillment of the Báb's predictions and the leader of the Bábís. He became one of Bahá'u'lláh's earliest followers. [RoB1p202, "Nabil-e aʿzam Zaranadi, Mollā Mohammad," by Vahid Rafati, Encyclopædia Iranica] | Nabil-i-Azam; Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq | |
1857-1858 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh revealed the Hidden Words (Kalimát-i-Maknúnih), originally designated 'The Hidden Words of Fátimih', while walking along the banks of the Tigris. [BBD102; BKG159; GPB138–40]
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* Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; * Bahaullah (chronology); Kalimat-i-Maknunih (Hidden Words); Fatimah (daughter of Muhammad); Tigris River; Rivers; - Basic timeline, Condensed; - Basic timeline, Expanded; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; Interfaith dialogue; Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of (before Declaration); Hidden Words | |
c. 1857 - 1858 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh revealed the Four Valleys, (Chahar Vadi) addressed to Shaykh 'Abdu'r-Rahmán-i-Tálabání (or Karkútí), a man of erudition and understanding and a leader of the Qádiríyyih Order, someone He had come in contact with in Kurdistán. In it He describes four different paths of approach to the Divine. [SA157–8, BKG163; RoB1p104]
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* Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Chahar Vadi (Four Valleys); - Call of the Divine Beloved (book); Shaykh Abdur-Rahman-i-Talabani; * Bahaullah (chronology); * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of (before Declaration) | |
1857 c. 185- |
The revelation of Sahíiy-i-Shattíyyih (Book of the River or Book of the Tigris) by Bahá'u'lláh.
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Shahifiy-i-Shattiyyih (Book of the River); Rivers; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Bahá'u'lláh, Birth of Revelation of; Bahá'u'lláh, Declaration of; Tigris River; Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of (before Declaration) | |
1856 (after Bahá'u'lláh's return) 185- |
Siyyid Asadulláh of Khuy was an influential and devoted Bábi whom the Báb had designated "Dayyán" (Judge). During Mírzá Yahyá's leadership in Baghdad he had found him so weak and the community so desperate that he, like some twenty others, declared himself to be to be the Promised One. He soon rescinded his claim after Bahá'u'lláh's return when he, as the Báb had promised, became the third person to believe in Bahá'u'lláh. Mírzá Yahyá saw this man a threat and ordered his servant Mírzá Muhammad-i-Mázindarání to murder him. [MCS562] In Epistle to the Son of the Wolf (p174-176) Bahá'u'lláh mentions Mírzá 'Alí-Akbar, a relative of the Báb and Abu'l-Qásim-i-Káshí and states "several other suffered martyrdom through the decree pronounced by Mírzá Yahyá." |
Dayyan (Mírzá Asadullah); Mírzá Yahya (Subh-i-Azal); Mírzá Muhammad-i-Mazindarani; Mírzá `Alí-Akbar; Abu'l-Qasim-i-Kashi; He Whom God shall make manifest; Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq | |
1856 Mar 185- |
During Bahá'u'lláh's absence Mírzá Musá rented a house near the Al-Kazimiyya mosque and shrine, in the Kādhimayn district in Baghdad. (It is the burial place of Imam Musa Al-Kadhim and Imam Muhammad Al-Jawad, they are respectively the Seventh and the Ninth of the Twelve Imams.) The house was large, two or three stories, and was made of simple mud brick with a surrounding central courtyard. At some point before His departure on the 22nd of April, 1863, the house was purchased. He later named it "The Most Great House" (Bayt-i-‘Aẓam) and designated it a place of pilgrimage. It is also referred to as the "Throne of His Glory", and the "Lamp of Salvation between earth and heaven". [CEBF66; Bahaipedia]
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House of Bahá'u'lláh (Baghdad); Bahá'u'lláh, Houses of; * Bahaullah (chronology); Pilgrimage; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; * Bahaullah (chronology); Mírzá Musa (Aqay-i-Kalim); Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq; Sulaymaniyyih, Iraq | |
1856 19 Mar 185- |
Áqá Kalím, Bahá'u'lláh's faithful brother, felt that Bahá'u'lláh should return from his self-imposed exile owning to the state of the community so he sent his Arab father-in-law, Shaykh Sultán, to find Him and try to convince Him to return. He carried letters from several family members, including Mírzá Yahyá, pleading with Him to return. [Bahá'u'lláh and the Naqshbandi Sufis in Iraq, 1854-1856 p20-21] Bahá'u'lláh returned from Sulaymáníyyih, Kurdistán two years after His withdrawal, a moment Shoghi Effendi has described as "a turning point of the utmost significance in the history of the first Bahá'í century." [GPB127] Baha'u'llah's return revived and animated the Bábí community. "He Himself has described the situation which then confronted Him: We found no more than a handful of souls, faint and dispirited, nay utterly lost and dead. The Cause of God had ceased to be on any one's lips, nor was any heart receptive to its message. [GPB125] |
* Bahaullah (chronology); * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Mírzá Musa (Aqay-i-Kalim); Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq; Sulaymaniyyih, Iraq; Kurdistan | |
1856 to Mar 1857 185- |
The Anglo-Persian War. [BBR165, 263] | History (general); Iran, General history; Iran | |
1856 – 1858 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh's writings during this period were so prolific that in one hour He would reveal a thousand verses and in the course of one day the equivalent of the Qur'án. He revealed a vast number of works and then commanded that hundreds of thousands of verses be destroyed. [BBRSM62–3; BKG167; GPB137–8] | * Bahaullah (chronology); * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Missing, lost or destroyed Writings; Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq; Sulaymaniyyih, Iraq; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of (before Declaration) | |
c. 1856 – 1857 185- |
Birth of Samadíyyih Khánum, first daughter of Bahá'u'lláh and His second wife, Mahd-i-'Ulyá (Fatimih). | Samadiyyih Khanum; Bahá'u'lláh, Family of; Mahd-i-Ulya (Fatimih Khanum); - Births and deaths; * Bahaullah (chronology); Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq | First daughter of Bahá'u'lláh and His second wife, Mahd-i-‘Ulyá |
1855 15 Oct 1855 or 1856 185- |
Birth of Robert Turner, first black American Bahá'í. | Robert Turner; - Births and deaths; United States (USA) | First African-American Baha'i. |
1855 5 Mar 185- |
Birth of John Henry Hyde Dunn, Hand of the Cause, in London. [Bahá'í Chronicles] | Hyde Dunn; - Hands of the Cause; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; - Births and deaths; London, England; United Kingdom | |
1855 During Bahá'u'lláh's absence 185- |
At some point during the retirement of Bahá'u'lláh, Mírzá 'Aqá Ján was engaged in the service of Mírzá Yahyá who wanted him to go on a secret mission to Tehran to assassinate Násiri'd-Dín Sháh. He accepted the assignment and soon after his arrival managed to obtain access to the court in the guise of a labourer. He realized the extent of his folly and returned to Baghdád and when Bahá'u'lláh returned from exile he confessed his part in the scheme and begged Bahá'u'lláh's forgiveness and he was permitted to resume service for Bahá'u'lláh. [CoB181-182] | Mírzá Aqa Jan (Khadimu'lláh); Mírzá Yahya (Subh-i-Azal); Nasirid-Din Sháh; * Bahaullah (chronology); Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq; Sulaymaniyyih, Iraq; Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1854 10 Apr-1856 19 Mar 185- |
Mírzá Yáhyá, who had been hiding in Mazíndarán since the attempt on the life of the Sháh, at some point prior to Bahá'u'lláh's retirement to the mountains of Kurdistán, had joined the exiles in Baghdád. During Bahá'u'lláh's absence He asked that the friends treat him with consideration and that the family offer him shelter and hospitality in the family home.
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Mírzá Yahya (Subh-i-Azal); * Bahaullah (chronology); * Bahaullah (chronology); Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq; Sulaymaniyyih, Iraq | |
1854 10 Apr - 1856 19 Mar 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh in Sulaymaniyyih Bahá'u'lláh suddenly left Baghdád and went to the mountainous wilderness of Sar Galu, around Sulaymaniyyah in Iraqi Kurdistán. [BKG115-122; DB585; GPB120-124; TN38; CH256; KI250-251; AB392]
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* Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; * Bahaullah (chronology); - Dervishes; Sar Galu Mountain (Iraq); Aqa Abu'l-Qasim-i-Hamadani; - Poetry; Qasidiyyih-Varqaiyyih (Ode of the Dove); Navvab (Asiyih Khanum); Mírzá Yahya (Subh-i-Azal); Sufism; Mysticism; Daoud Toeg; Caves; Interfaith dialogue; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Dayyan (Mírzá Asadullah); Kurdistan; Baghdad, Iraq; Sulaymaniyyih, Iraq; Iraq; * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of (before Declaration); Dervish poems (Bahá'u'lláh) | |
1854 (prior to His departure for Sulaymaniyyih) 185- |
"Mirza Yahya had never lifted a finger to protect the Faith of which he was supposed to be the nominal head. Now, incited and aided by Siyyid Muhammad and a few, very few, others of the same nature, Mirza Yahya began a secret campaign to discredit Baha'u'llah. He circulated wild rumours, ascribed to Baha'u'llah actions, opinions, views and intentions totally at variance with truth. These undercurrents and innuendoes became so perilous for the integrity of the Faith of the Bab, threatening it with bitter controversies and even fatal divisions, that Baha'u'llah reached the decision to take Himself away from Baghdad and from the society of men whom He knew - and who knew Him... " "Mirza Aqa Jan himself has testified: 'That Blessed Beauty evinced such sadness that the limbs of my body trembled.' He has, likewise, related, as reported by Nabil in his narrative, that, shortly before Baha'u'llah's retirement, he had on one occasion seen Him, between dawn and sunrise, suddenly come out from His house, His night-cap still on His head, showing such signs of perturbation that he was powerless to gaze into His face, and while walking, angrily remark: 'These creatures are the same creatures who for three thousand years have worshipped idols, and bowed down before the Golden Calf: Now, too, they are fit for nothing better. What relation can there be between this people and Him Who is the Countenance of Glory? What ties can bind them to the One Who is the supreme embodiment of all that is lovable?' 'I stood,' declared Mirza Aqa Jan, 'rooted to the spot, lifeless, dried up as a dead tree, ready to fall under the impact of the stunning power of His words. Finally, He said: "Bid them recite: 'Is there any Remover of difficulties save God? Say: Praised be God! He is God! All are His servants, and all abide by His bidding!' Tell them to repeat it five hundred times, nay, a thousand times, by day and by night, sleeping and waking, that haply the Countenance of Glory may be unveiled to their eyes, and tiers of light descend upon them." He Himself, I was subsequently informed, recited this same verse, His face betraying the utmost sadness." [BKG114] |
Misconduct of believers; Remover of Difficulties (invocation); Mírzá Aqa Jan (Khadimu'lláh); Mírzá Yahya (Subh-i-Azal); * Báb, Writings of; Invocations; Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq | |
1853 - 1854 185- |
The birth of Áqá Mírzá Muhammad-Taqí Abharí, (b. 1853-1854 in Abhar, d. 30 January 1919 in Tehran), also known by the designation Ibn Abhar [Ibn-i-Abhar]. He was appointed a Hand of the Cause in 1868 and was an Apostle of Bahá'u'lláh. [EB268; Bahá'í Encylopedia Project] | - Hands of the Cause; Hands appointed by Bahá'u'lláh; - Apostles of Bahá'u'lláh; Ibn-i-Abhar (Mulla Muhammad Taqi); Abhar, Iran; Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1853 24 Nov 185- |
The prisoners from Nayríz and the heads of the martyrs arrived in Shíráz. More Bábís were executed and their heads sent to Tihrán. The heads were later buried at Ábádih. [BW18:382] | * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Shíráz, Iran; Nayriz, Iran; Tehran, Iran; Ábádih, Iran; Iran | |
1853 31 Oct 185- |
Some 600 female and 80 to 180 male Bábís are taken prisoner at Nayríz and marched to Shíráz, along with the heads of some 180 martyrs. This fulfilled an Islamic prophecy concerning the appearance of the Qá'im indicating that the heads of the followers would be used as gifts. [BW18:382; KI245; For17] | * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Prophecies; Nayriz, Iran; Shíráz, Iran; Iran | |
1853 Oct 185- |
Second Nayríz upheaval. [BBR147–51; BBRSM:217; BW18:382; DB642–5;]
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Nayriz upheaval; - Upheavals; Mírzá Naim-i-Nuri; * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution; Nayriz, Iran; Iran | |
1853 185- |
It was during the Baghdad period that 'Abdu'l-Bahá became conscious to the station of His Father. "The Bab states that the first one to believe in a Manifestation of God is the essence of the achievement of the preceding dispensation; and so, 'Abdu'l-Baha, the first to believe with His whole being in the Mission of His Father, was the most eminent representative of the virtues called forth by the Bab." [AB13] |
* `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq | |
1853 (Summer) 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh revealed His station and mission to Mírzá Áqá Ján in Karbalá. He was the first person to believe in Bahá'ú'lláh as "Him Whom God shall make manifest." [BKG109–11; GPB115–16; CoB181]
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* Bahaullah (chronology); Mírzá Aqa Jan (Khadimu'lláh); Karbala, Iraq; Iraq | the first person to believe in Bahá'ú'lláh as "Him Whom God shall make manifest." |
1853 4 May 185- |
An earthquake struck in Shiraz. It destroyed many homes and killed several thousand citizens. It also demolished the majority of the schools and mosques. The House of the Báb was severely damaged and the mosque next to it was completely demolished. At this time the House had been rented to Mírzá Muhammad-Husayn, who was occupying the House with no written documentation. A lease is dated January 1854 and it recognized the owner as Siyyidih Fatimih Bagum and stated that the repairs were to be made at the leasee's expense. After this document was signed, Mírzá Muhammad-Husayn realized the cost of the repairs was prohibitive. Consequently, he leased the House to two brothers, Samad and Ibrahim, who were bakers. They took up residence with no formal documentation. Gradually they took over all the affairs of the House and claimed sole ownership. [MBBA169] | Báb, House of (Shiraz); Shíráz, Iran | |
1853 or 1854 185- |
Birth of Mírzá Muhammad-'Alí, first son of Bahá'u'lláh and His second wife, Mahd-i-'Ulyá. [CB 125]
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Mírzá Muhammad Ali; - Births and deaths; * Bahaullah (chronology); Bahá'u'lláh, Wives of; Bahá'u'lláh, Family of; Mahd-i-Ulya (Fatimih Khanum); Firsts, other; Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq | First son of Bahá'u'lláh and His second wife, Mahd-i-‘Ulyá; first year of Bahá'u'lláh's arrival Baghdád |
1853 or 1854 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh revealed the Lawh-i Kullu't-ta'ám (Tablet of All Food). [BRSM:62; BKG112]
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* Bahaullah (chronology); * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Lawh Kullut-Taam (Tablet of All Food); Mírzá Yahya (Subh-i-Azal); Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq | |
1853 185- |
Shortly after Bahá'u'lláh's arrival in Baghdad, the first messenger to reach Him was Shaykh Salmán who returned to his native Hindiyan with Tablets addressed to the friends. This became his habit, once a year he would set out on foot to see Bahá'u'lláh bringing letters and leaving wth Tablets, faithfully delivering each on for whom it was intended. He visited Him in Baghdad, Adrianople and Akka, carrying Tablets to many cities, Isfahan, Shiraz, Kashan, Tehran... During the 40 years that he continued this service and never lost a single letter or Tablet.
He always travelled on foot and ate noting but bread and onions. He earned the title "The Bábí's Angel Gabriel". After the passing of Bahá'u'lláh he continued to provide courier service between Persia and the Holy Land. He died in Shiraz. [MoF13-16] |
Shaykh Salman; India; Iran | |
1853 8 Apr 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh in Baghdád
Bahá'u'lláh and His family arrived in Baghdád. [BBR177; BKG106; GPB109; TN38] |
* Bahaullah (chronology); Navvab (Asiyih Khanum); * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq | |
1853 26 Mar 185- |
Five Bábís, acting on their own initiative, murdered the governor of Nayríz, providing the spark for the second Nayríz upheaval. [BBR147] | Nayriz upheaval; - Upheavals; - Governors; * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution; Assassinations; Nayriz, Iran; Iran | |
1853 21 Mar 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh and His companions arrived in Khániqayn, just across the Iraqi border, where they rested in a beautiful orchard to observe Naw-Rúz. [BKG105]
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* Bahaullah (chronology); Bahá'u'lláh, Banishment of; Naw-Ruz; Khániqayn, Iraq; Iraq | |
1853 12 Jan 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh and His family departed for Baghdád after a one month respite in the home of his half-brother Mírzá Ridá-Qulí. During the three-month journey Bahá'u'lláh was accompanied by His wife Navváb (Who was six weeks from giving birth upon departure.) His eldest son 'Abdu'l-Bahá (9), Bahíyyih Khánum (7) and two of His brothers, Mírzá Músá and Mírzá Muhammad-Qulí. Mírzá Mihdí (2), was very delicate and so was left behind with the grandmother of the child, the mother of Àsíyih Khánum. They were escorted by an officer of the Persian imperial bodyguard and an official representing the Russian legation. [BKG102–5; GPB108; MM31; RoL165]
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* Bahaullah (chronology); Bahá'u'lláh, Banishment of; Mírzá Rida-Quli (Hakim); Navvab (Asiyih Khanum); * `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); Bahiyyih Khanum (Greatest Holy Leaf); Mírzá Musa (Aqay-i-Kalim); Mírzá Mihdi (Purest Branch); Mírzá Muhammad-Quli; Isfandiyar; Russian officials; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Exile (banishment); Tehran, Iran; Iran; Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq | |
1853 -1863 185- |
During this period Bahá'u'lláh revealed His mystical Writings. | * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; Mysticism; Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq | |
1852 Dec 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh was released from the Síyáh-Chál.
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* Bahaullah (chronology); Bahá'u'lláh, Banishment of; Síyáh-Chál (Black Pit, Tehran); Nasirid-Din Shah, Attempt on; Russia; - Ministers; Prince Dolgorukov; Mírzá Aqa Khan; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Exile (banishment); Tehran, Iran; Iran; Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq | |
1852 27 Oct 185- |
The Bábí Faith was first mentioned in the 27 October 1852 volume of Magyar Hírlap (The Hungarian Newspaper), under the title „Persia műveltségi történetéhez" ("To the History of Education in Persia") where Captain Von Goumoens, a captain of the Austrian army based in Tehran reported on the terrible events related to the persecution of Bahá'ís in Iran.[www.bahai.hu; SUR77; GPB66] | Newspaper articles; Mentions; First mentions; Budapest, Hungary; Hungary | First mention of the Faith in Hungary |
1852 (Between Oct - Nov) 185- |
The revelation of Rashh-i-Ama (The Clouds of the Realms Above) while in the Síyáh-Chál in Tehran. This tablet is considered to be among the first revealed by Bahá'u'lláh after being apprised that He was to be the Manifestation of God.
Taherzadeh also states Bahá'u'lláh disclosed for the first time one of the unique features of His Revelation, namely, the advent of the "Day of God". "In a language supremely beautiful and soul-stirring, He attributes these energies to Himself. His choice of words, and the beauty, power, depth and mystery of this poem...are such that they may well prove impossible to translate." [RoB1p45] |
Rashh-i-Ama (Sprinkling from the Cloud of Unknowing); * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; - Bahá'u'lláh, Poetry of; - Poetry; - Call of the Divine Beloved (book); Síyáh-Chál (Black Pit, Tehran); Bahá'u'lláh, Birth of Revelation of; Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1852 Oct 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh had a vision of the Maiden, who announced to Him that He was the Manifestation of God for this Age. [BBD142–3, 212; BKG823 ESW11–12, 21 GPB101–2; KAN62]
Pointing with her finger unto My head, she addressed all who are in heaven and all who are on earth, saying: By God! This is the Best-Beloved of the worlds, and yet ye comprehend not. This is the Beauty of God amongst you, and the power of His sovereignty within you, could ye but understand. This is the Mystery of God and His Treasure, the Cause of God and His glory unto all who are in the kingdoms of Revelation and of creation, if ye be of them that perceive. This is He Whose Presence is the ardent desire of the denizens of the Realm of eternity, and of them that dwell within the Tabernacle of glory, and yet from His Beauty do ye turn aside." Súriy-i-Haykal para 6-7; SLH5-6 |
* Bahaullah (chronology); Bahá'u'lláh, Birth of Revelation of; Síyáh-Chál (Black Pit, Tehran); Dreams and visions; Maid of Heaven; Angels; Year nine; Promised One; Prophecies; - Basic timeline, Condensed; - Basic timeline, Expanded; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; Firsts, other; Missing, lost or destroyed Writings; Tehran, Iran; Iran | first emanations of the Supreme Pen |
1852 Aug-Dec 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh's imprisonment in the Síyáh-Chál
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* Bahaullah (chronology); Bahá'u'lláh, Attempts on; Síyáh-Chál (Black Pit, Tehran); Prison; * `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); `Abdu'l-Vahhab-i-Shirazi; * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Poison; Chains; Mírzá Yahya (Subh-i-Azal); - Basic timeline, Condensed; - Basic timeline, Expanded; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; Tehran, Iran; Takur, Iran; Iran; Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq | |
1852 Aug 185- |
In Mílán, Iran, 15 Bábís were arrested and imprisoned. [BW18:382] Many Bábís were tortured and killed in the weeks following the attempt on the life of the Sháh. [BKG84] |
* Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; - Sháh; Mahmud Khan; Kalantar, Iran; Sulayman Khan; Milan, Italy; Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1852 26 Aug 185- |
An account of the punishment meted out to those who participated in the attempt on the life of the Sháh and those who happened to be followers of the Báb, was published in the Vaqayi-yi Ittifáqíyyih, a Tihran newspaper. In addition, the newspaper reported that Mírzá Husayn 'Ali-i Nuri (Bahá'u'lláh) and five others who did not participated were sentenced to life imprisonment by the Sháh.
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Nasirid-Din Shah, Attempt on; - Persecution; * Persecution, Iran; Newspaper articles; * Bahaullah (chronology); Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1852 22 Aug – 27 Aug 185- |
After the initial executions, about 20 or more Bábís were distributed among the various courtiers and government departments to be tortured and put to death. [BBR135–6 BW18:382] | * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Iran | |
1852 16 – 22 Aug 185- |
A large number of Bábís were arrested in Tihrán and its environs following the attempt on the life of the Sháh. A number were executed. [BBR134–5; BW18:382]
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Síyáh-Chál (Black Pit, Tehran); Nasirid-Din Shah, Attempt on; * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1852 (days following 16 Aug) 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh was then taken on foot and in chains, with bared head and bare feet' to Tihrán, a distance of 15 miles, where He was cast into the Síyáh-Chál. [BKG77; DB606–7, 631-634; ESW20; GPB71]
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* Bahaullah (chronology); Síyáh-Chál (Black Pit, Tehran); Chains; Nasirid-Din Shah, Attempt on; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1852 16 – 27 Aug 185- |
The martyrdom of Táhirih (Qurratu'l-'Ayn) in Tihrán. [BBR172–3; BBRSM:30; BW18:382; BKG87; MF203]
She went to that garden with consummate dignity and composure. Everyone said that they were going to kill her, but she continued to cry out just as she had before, declaring, "I am that trumpet-call mentioned in the Gospel!" It was in this state that she was martyred in that garden and cast into a well.[Talk by Abdu'l-Baha Given in Budapest to the Turanian Society on 14 April 1913 (Provisional) |
Tahirih (Qurratu'l-'Ayn, Zarrín-Táj); * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Women; Gender; Equality; - Letters of the Living; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1852 16 Aug 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh rode out towards the headquarters of the imperial army. At the time, He had been in 'The Abode of the Birds' (MurghMaḥallih), a garden which had been His summer residence. He stopped at Zargandih at the home of Mírzá Majíd Khán-i-Áhí, secretary to the Russian legation. [BKG77; DB603, AY235]
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* Bahaullah (chronology); Mírzá Majid Khan-i-Ahi; Russian officials; - Shahs; Prince Dolgorukov; - Grand Viziers; Nasirid-Din Shah, Attempt on; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Zargandih, Iran; Iran | |
1852 -1853 185- |
"In the hecatomb of 1852-1853 the ranks of the Bábís were drastically thinned. Most of the leading disciples were killed, only a few surviving in distant exile. The next ten years were hopelessly dark. Within the Bábí community there was much confusion and fear. It seemed at times that all the heroism, all the sacrifices, had been in vain. Enemies gloated over the virtual extermination of what they saw as a pernicious heretical sect. Sympathetic outsiders concluded that the movement that had shown so much promise cracked under persecution and collapsed, leaving behind only a glorious memory." [Varqá and Rúhu'lláh: Deathless in Martyrdom by Kazem Kazemzadeh, World Order, Winter 1974-75 p.29] | * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Other; - Persecution; Bábí history; Iran | |
1852 15 Aug 185- |
Attempt on the life of the Sháh in Afcha, near Tehran. [BBR128; BBRSM:30; BKG74–5; DB599; ESW20; GPB62; TN2930]
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Nasirid-Din Shah, Attempt on; Nasirid-Din Shah, Mother of; - Shahs; History (general); Iran, General history; Jafar-Quli Khan; * Bahaullah (chronology); * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Iran | |
1852 summer 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh stayed at the summer residence of Ja'far-Qulí Khán, the brother of the Grand Vizier, in Afchih, Lavásán, near Tihrán. [BKG77; DB599] | * Bahaullah (chronology); Jafar-Quli Khan; - Grand Viziers; Afchih, Iran; Lavasan, Iran; Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1852 Apr - May c. 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh returned to Iran from Karbalá. [DB598]
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* Bahaullah (chronology); - Grand Viziers; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Karbala, Iraq; Iraq; Iran | |
1852 20 Mar 185- |
The publication of Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly by Harriet Beecher Stowe. It was the best-selling novel of the 19th century and the second best-selling book of that century, following the Bible. It is credited with helping fuel the abolitionist cause in the 1850s. In recent years, the negative associations with Uncle Tom's Cabin have, to an extent, overshadowed the historical impact of the book as a "vital antislavery tool. [Wikipedia]
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Uncle Toms Cabin - Life Among the Lowly; Literature, English; - Literature; Race; Harriet Beecher Stowe; Ellen Beecher; - Hands of the Cause; Dorothy Baker; United States (USA) | |
1852 21 Feb 185- |
Birth of Isabella Brittingham, prominent American Bahá'í teacher, in New York City. | Isabella Brittingham; - Births and deaths; New York, USA; United States (USA) | |
1852 Jan 185- |
Mírzá Taqí Khán was killed in the public bath in Káshán by order of the Sháh on the instigation of the Sháh's mother and Mírzá Áqá Khán. [BBR164–5; BKG72]
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Mírzá Taqi Khan; - Prime Ministers; Assassinations; Public baths (bathhouses); Nasirid-Din Shah, Mother of; Mírzá Aqa Khan; Kashan, Iran; Iran | |
1852 185- |
Birth of Aqa Buzurg Khurasani (Badí'), Apostle of Bahá'u'lláh, in Mashhad. | Badi (Mírzá Aqa Buzurg-i-Nishapuri); - Apostles of Bahá'u'lláh; - Births and deaths; Mashhad, Iran; Iran | |
1851 Dec 185- |
When the news of the martyrdom of the Báb reached Shiraz, Fatimah Bagum, the mother of the Báb, having previously
consulted with her Son about the journey to the `Atabat, (literally means the sublime thresholds.Thea are the shrines of six Shia Imams which are in four cities of Iraq, namely Najaf, Karbala, Kadhimiya and Samarra) decided to leave Shiraz. She wanted to put behind her the constant barrage of insults aimed at her family by the city's divines.
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Fatimih Bagum; Báb, Family of; Báb, House of (Shiraz); Khadijih Bagum (wife of the Báb); Karbala, Iraq; Iraq | |
1851 13 Nov 185- |
Mírzá Taqí Khán, the Amír-Nizám, was dismissed from his post and told he was only in charge of the army. [BBR163; BKG71]
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Mírzá Taqi Khan; Mírzá Aqa Khan; - Prime Ministers of Iran; - Prime Ministers | |
1851 Nov c. 185- |
Siyyid Basír-Hindí, a blind Indian, was put to death by Ildirím Mírzá. [BW18:382]
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Siyyid Basir-Hindi; * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Iran | |
1851 5 Oct 185- |
Shaykh Hasan-i-Zunúzí, the Báb's amanuensis, had been sent from the Báb's side in Chihríq to live in Karbilá at a time just before the incident at Shaykh Tabarsí when all available believers were being dispatched to assist Quddús. Here, the Báb told him, he would meet the promised Husayn. Although he had never met Bahá'u'lláh before, on this day he recognized Him as He walked by the inner courtyard of the Shrine of the Imám Husayn. [DB31; BKG67–68]
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Shaykh Hasan-i-Zunuzi; * Báb, The (chronology); Amanuensis; * Bahaullah (chronology); Imam Husayn; Prophecies; Karbala, Iraq; Iraq | first to believe in Bahá'u'lláh. |
1851 28 Aug 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh arrived in Karbalá via Baghdád on His pilgrimage. He stayed for 10 months. [BKG67; DB593; GPB70]
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* Bahaullah (chronology); Pilgrimage; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Karbala, Iraq; Baghdad, Iraq; Iraq | |
1851 4 Aug 185- |
Áqá 'Alí-Akbar-i-Hakkák was blown from a canon after refusing to recant. [BW18:382] | Canons; * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution | |
1851 Aug 185- |
Bahá'u'lláh spent most of August in Kirmánsháh. [BKG67; DB90, 591] | * Bahaullah (chronology); Kirmánsháh, Iran; Iran | |
1851 23 Jul 185- |
Áqá Muhammad-Sádiq-i-Yúzdárání was beaten to death in Yazd after refusing to recant. [BW18:382] | * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Yazd, Iran; Iran | |
1851 Jun c. 185- |
Mírzá Taqí Khán met with Bahá'u'lláh and told Him that it would be advisable for Bahá'u'lláh to leave Tihrán temporarily. A few days later, He left for the 'Atabát (the Sacred Thresholds) on pilgrimage. [BKG66; DB587, 591] | Mírzá Taqi Khan; * Bahaullah (chronology); Tehran, Iran; Iran; Karbala, Iraq; Iraq | |
1851 1 May 185- |
Áqá Husayn was blown from a canon in Yazd. [BW18:382] | Canons; * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Yazd, Iran; Iran | |
1852 (In the year) 185- |
It was sometime when 'Abdu'l-Bahá was seven years old that he contracted tuberculosis and all indications were that there was no hope of recovery. He recounted while in Paris that He was rarely sick and that if He fell sick there was a purpose. | * `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); Tuberculosis; Tehran, Iran | |
1851 30 Apr 185- |
Mullá Hasan-i-Fadíl was executed in Yazd when he refused to recant. [BW18:382] | * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Yazd, Iran; Iran | |
1851 2 Mar 185- |
Four Bábís brought from Zanján were executed in Tihrán. [BW18:382] | * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Tehran, Iran; Zanjan, Iran; Iran | |
1851 2 Jan c. 185- |
End of the Zanján upheaval. [BW18:382]
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Hujjat; Zanjan upheaval; - Upheavals; Zanjan, Iran; Iran | |
1851 (In the year) 185- |
Mullá Zaynu'l-'Abidín (Zaynu'l-Muqarrabin), a prominent mujtahid, became a Bábí, in Najafábád. | Zaynul-Muqarrabin (Mulla Zaynul-Abidin); Najaf, Iranabad, Iran; Iran | |
1850 29 Dec 185- |
Hujjat died of his wounds. [B187; BRR122; BW18:382]
|
Hujjat; Zanjan upheaval; - Upheavals; Zanjan, Iran; Iran | |
1850 early Dec 185- |
Hujjat was wounded in the arm. His companions laid down their arms and rushed to his assistance. The royal forces took advantage of the lull to breach the fortifications. [B187; BBR121; DB569]
|
Hujjat; Zanjan upheaval; - Upheavals; Zanjan, Iran; Iran | |
1850 Nov-Dec 185- |
Muhammad Khán, the commander of the government forces at Zanján, tried to deceive Hujjat into surrendering by drawing up a peace proposal. Hujjat, recalling Tabarsí and Nayríz, responded by sending children and old men to Muhammad Khán, who had them thrown into a dungeon. This signalled the beginning of the final month-long siege at Zanján. [B186–7; DB564–8] | Muhammad Khan; Hujjat; Zanjan upheaval; - Upheavals; Zanjan, Iran; Iran | |
1850 3 Oct 185- |
Two of Vahíd's companions were executed in Shíráz. | Vahid (Siyyid Yahyay-i-Darabi); * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Shíráz, Iran; Iran | |
1850 25 Aug 185- |
The arrival of 'Azíz Khán-i-Mukrí, commander-in-chief of Iran's army, in Zanján where the fighting began in May continues. He took charge of the operation. [BBR119; BW18:382; DB556]
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Aziz Khan-i-Mukri; Commander-in-chief; Zanjan upheaval; - Upheavals; Ashraf; Mothers; * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Zanjan, Iran; Iran | |
1850 Aug c. 185- |
Mullá Abu'l-Hasan-i-Ardikání (Hájí Amín), Hand of the Cause, became a Bábí. | Hájí Amin (Abu'l-Hasan-i-Ardikani); - Hands of the Cause | |
1850 Jul 185- |
The Faith of the Báb had spread to two countries at this point, Iran and Iraq. [MBW147]
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Statistics; Bábí history; Iran; Iraq; - Middle East | |
1850 11 Jul 185- |
During the evening the bodies were wrapped in a cloak and removed to a silk factory owned by one of the believers, Haji Ahmad Milani, where the remains were concealed under a bale of silk. The next day they Haji Sulayman Khan and Husain-i-Mílání built a casket and placed it in the wall cavity, covering it with mortar. Before closing it the casket Sulayman Khan placed a bouquet of flowers commonly found in the homes of Tabrizis next to the sanctified countenance of the Bab. [B159–60; DB519]
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Báb, Martyrdom of; Báb, Remains of; Tabríz, Iran; Iran | |
1850 10 Jul 185- |
The Russian Consul had an artist make a sketch of the body of the Báb. [Bab159; DB518; TN28; Sunburst P128-129]
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Russian officials; - Consuls; Báb, Sketches of; Báb, Martyrdom of; * Báb, The (chronology); Tabríz, Iran; Iran | |
1850 9 Jul 185- |
Martyrdom of the Báb
In the morning the Báb was taken to the homes of the leading clerics to obtain the death-warrants. [Bab155; DB508]
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Báb, Martyrdom of; * Báb, The (chronology); Báb, Remains of; Holy days; Anís Zunízí (Mírzá Muhammad-`Alíy-i-Zunízí); Sam Khan; - Basic timeline, Condensed; - Basic timeline, Expanded; * Báb, The, Basic timeline; * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Tabríz, Iran; Iran | |
1850 8 Jul 185- |
The Báb, divested of His turban and sash, was taken on foot to the barracks in Tabríz. Mírzá Muhammad-'Alíy-i-Zunúzí, Anís, threw himself at the feet of the Báb and asked to go with Him. [Bab153; DB507]
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* Báb, The (chronology); Báb, Martyrdom of; Turbans; Barracks (Tabriz); Anís Zunízí (Mírzá Muhammad-`Alíy-i-Zunízí); * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; * Báb, The, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Tabríz, Iran; Iran | |
1850 29 Jun 185- |
The Báb arrived in Tabríz. [BBR76]
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* Báb, The (chronology); * Báb, The, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Tabríz, Iran; Iran | |
1850 29 Jun 185- |
Vahíd was martyred in Nayríz. [Bab182; BW18:381; DB495, 499; GPB42; RB1:265]
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Vahid (Siyyid Yahyay-i-Darabi); * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Nayriz, Iran; Tabríz, Iran; Iran | |
1850 Jun 185- |
The first known written Bábi marriage certificate was between Mírzá Muhammad Ja'far Khan and Tuba Khánum, the daughter of Vahid. It was signed and dated a few days before Vahid's martyrdom and was written in Vahid's handwriting. The dowry was set at one Vahid (19 mithqals of gold). [Vahid's Heroic Stand - Nayriz 1850 video at 11min 21seconds] | Mírzá Muhammad Jafar Khan; Tuba Khanum; Vahid (Siyyid Yahyay-i-Darabi); Marriage; Marriage certificate; Nayriz, Iran; Iran | first written Bábi marriage certificate |
1850 24 Jun 185- |
The severed heads of 13 Bábís arrived in Shíráz from Nayríz. They were raised on lances and paraded through the town. [B182; BW18:381] | * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Nayriz upheaval; - Upheavals; Shíráz, Iran; Nayriz, Iran; Iran | |
1850 21 Jun 185- |
End of the first Nayríz upheaval. [BBRXXIX, 112]
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Vahid (Siyyid Yahyay-i-Darabi); Nayriz upheaval; - Upheavals; Nayriz, Iran; Iran | |
1850 17 Jun 185- |
At Nayríz, Vahíd received a message from the Governor offering a truce and a promise of safety written on the Qur'án. He, together with five attendants, leave the fortress and were received into the camp of his enemies where he was entertained with great ceremony for three days. [B180–1; BW18:381] | Vahid (Siyyid Yahyay-i-Darabi); Truces; Nayriz upheaval; - Upheavals; * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Other; - Persecution; Nayriz, Iran; Iran | |
1850 Jun c. 185- |
The Amír-Nizám, Mírzá Taqí Khán was determined to execute the Báb to halt the progress of His religion. On his orders the Báb was taken from Chihríq to Tabríz. [Bab152; BBR76–7; GPB51]
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Mírzá Taqi Khan; * Báb, The (chronology); Christian missionaries; Mullá Muhammad Báqir-i Tabrizi; - Letters of the Living; * Bahaullah (chronology); * Báb, Writings of; Relics; Boxes containing Writings; Boxes; Greatest Name; * Báb, The, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Chihríq, Iran; Tabríz, Iran; Urúmíyyih, Iran; Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1850 27 May- 21 Jun 185- |
First Nayríz upheaval. Vahíd traveled from Yazd towards Shíráz, eventually coming to Nayríz. He went to the Mosque of Jum'ih where he ascended the pulpit and proclaimed the Cause of God. The governor moved against him and Vahíd ordered his companions to occupy the fort of Khájih. The siege that followed lasted a month. [B178, 204–5; BBR109–13; BW18:381; For23]
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Vahid (Siyyid Yahyay-i-Darabi); Mosques; Mosque of Jumih (Nayriz); - Governors; Fort Khajih, Nayriz; Nayriz upheaval; - Upheavals; * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Other; - Persecution; Nayriz, Iran; Yazd, Iran; Shíráz, Iran; Iran | First Nayríz upheaval |
1850 19 May 185- |
The Governor sent a mob against Hujjat, (Mulla Muhammad-Ali) which was dispersed by Mír Saláh. The Governor sent to Tihrán for reinforcements and the town Zanján was split into two camps. [BW18:381]
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- Governors; Hujjat; Mir Salah; Zaynab; Gender; Women; Equality; * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Mobs; - Persecution; Tehran, Iran; Zanjan, Iran; Iran | |
1850 16 May 185- |
Martyrdom of Shaykh Muhammad-i-Túb-Chí in Zanján, the first of the martyrs. [BBR115; DB542–3] | * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Firsts, other; Zanjan, Iran; Iran | first of the martyrs |
1850 13 May 1850 - 2 Jan 1851 c. 185- |
The start of the Zanján upheaval. Hujjat had converted a sizeable proportion of the town and tension mounted between the Bábís and the 'ulamá. [DB540–1, 527–81; Bab185–8, 209–13; BBD111, 245; BBR114–26; BBRSM28, 216; GPB44–5; TN245]
|
Hujjat; Zanjan upheaval; - Upheavals; Ulama; * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Other; - Persecution; Zanjan, Iran; Iran | |
1850 (Spring) 185- |
The house of Vahíd in Yazd was attacked by crowds and pillaged. The crowd was dispersed by Mullá Muhammad-Ridá. Vahíd left Yazd. [BW18:381; DB466–75] | Vahid (Siyyid Yahyay-i-Darabi); Mulla Muhammad-Rida (Ridar-Ruh); * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Mobs; - Persecution; Yazd, Iran; Iran | |
1850 19 or 20 Feb 185- |
Martyrdom of the Seven Martyrs of Tihrán. Seven of the Bábís were executed in Tihrán on the false charge of having plotted to kill the Grand Vizier. [B182–5; BBD225; BBR100–5; BBRSM28, 216; BKG71; BW18:381; DB462; GPB47–8; BW19p381]
|
* Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Seven martyrs of Hurmuzak; Seven martyrs of Tihran; - Grand Viziers; Prince Dolgorukov; Sheil; Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1850 19 - 20 Feb 185- |
The Bábi group in Tehran had been infiltrated by an informer who betrayed about fifty of its members to the authorities. Fearing a plot the government had seven of the leading members of the group executed including the Báb's uncle and guardian. These men were of high social status, three merchants, two prominent ulama, a Sufi spiritual guide and a government official. [BBRSM28] | * Persecution, Iran; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution; Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1850 15 Jan 185- |
Mullá Ádí-Guzal arrived in Mázindarán and carried out the Báb's request. [DB432] | Mulla Adi-Guzal; * Báb, The (chronology); Mazandaran, Iran; Iran | |
1850 - 1851 185- |
Birth of Mírzá `Alí-Muhammad-i-Khurásání, (b. 1850-1851 Mashad, d. 2 April 1928 in Tehran) later known as Ibn-i-Asdaq, Hand of the Cause.
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Ibn-i-Asdaq (Mírzá `Alí-Muhammad); - Hands of the Cause; Hands appointed by Bahá'u'lláh; - Births and deaths; - Births and deaths; Khurásán, Iran; Karbala, Iraq; Iraq; Mashhad, Iran; Iran | |
1850 (Early in the year) 185- |
Vahíd clashed with the authorities in Yazd. He escaped and made a missionary journey through Fárs. [B178–9; DB466–71; BBRSM28, 216]
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Vahid (Siyyid Yahyay-i-Darabi); Yazd, Iran; Fars, Iran; Iran |
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