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date | event | tags | firsts |
1844 (In the year) 184- |
Birth of Mírzá Abu'l-Fadl-i-Gulpáygání, Apostle of Bahá'u'lláh, in Gulpáygán. | Mírzá Abu'l-Fadl Gulpaygani; - Apostles of Bahá'u'lláh; - Births and deaths; Gulpaygan, Iran; Iran | |
1844 10 Jan 184- |
The arrival of Táhirih in Karbilá. She had learned of the views of Shaykh Ahmad and Siyyid Kázim and had corresponded with the latter from whom she received her name, Qurratu'l-Ayn, meaning "Solace of the Eyes". Against the wishes of her family she had left her home to join the circle of his students but arrived in Karbilá ten days after his passing. Convinced that the Promised One would soon appear she stayed on in that city as Siyyid Kázim's disciples were departing in their search. To one of them, her brother-in-law, Mírzá Muhammad-i-Alíy-i-Qazvíní, she gave a sealed letter and told him to deliver it to the One Sought. This he did and the Báb recognized her as one of the Letters of the Living. [B25-26; DB81note2]
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Tahirih (Qurratu'l-'Ayn, Zarrín-Táj); Shaykh Ahmad-i-Ahsai; Siyyid Kazim-i-Rashti; Mullá Muhammad-i-`Alíy-i-Qazvíní; - Letters of the Living; Karbala, Iraq; Iraq | |
1844 22 Jan 184- |
Mullá Husayn returned to Karbilá after a journey of two years in Persia. He had been on a mission in Isfahán and Mashhad where he had successfully defended the views of his master, Siyyid Kázim, before the leading clerics of those cities. [MH49]
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Mulla Husayn; Siyyid Kazim-i-Rashti; Karbala, Iraq; Isfahan, Iran; Mashhad, Iran; Najaf, Iran; Bushihr, Iran; Shíráz, Iran; Iraq; Iran | |
1844 7 Feb 184- |
Birth of Shaykh Kázim-i-Samandarí, Apostle of Bahá'u'lláh, in Qazvín. | Shaykh Kazim-i-Samandari; - Apostles of Bahá'u'lláh; - Births and deaths; Qazvin, Iran; Iran | |
1844 21 Mar 184- |
Edict of Toleration was issued by the Sultan of Turkey: The Muslim government of the Ottoman Empire was compelled by the Western Powers, notably Britain and France, to grant religious tolerance to all nations within its borders. Broader questions of religious tolerance, such as might presumably involve Jewish land rights and Jewish immigration are not mentioned in the Edict. [Sours (below) p9]
To set the context, this came during the period known as "Tanzimat" (lit. Reorganization) 1838 to 1876. The Tanzimat era was characterised by various attempts to modernise the Ottoman Empire and to secure its territorial integrity against internal nationalist movements and external aggressive powers. The reforms encouraged Ottomanism among the diverse ethnic groups of the Empire and attempted to stem the tide of the rise of nationalism in the Ottoman Empire. During the Tanzimat period, the government's series of constitutional reforms led to a fairly modern conscripted army, banking system reforms, the decriminalization of homosexuality, the replacement of religious law with secular law and guilds with modern factories. The Ottoman Ministry of Post was established in Istanbul in 1840. [Wikipedia] The fulfillment of the prophecies of Christ and of the Bible has been over a period of a hundred years or more matter of common knowledge and remark in the West. But the full extent of that fulfillment is only seen in Bahá'u'lláh. The proclamation of His Faith was made in 1844, the year when the strict exclusion of the Jews from their own land enforced by the Muslims for some twelve centuries was at last relaxed by the Edict of Toleration and "the times of the Gentiles" were "fulfilled." [GPBiv Introduction by George Townshend]
Michael Sours makes the point that there have been some Christian notions that have been adopted uncritically by a number of Bahá'í apologists that cannot be supported: 1. That Jews were strictly excluded from Palestine for 1,260 years prior to 1844 2. That Muslim Authorities were responsible for this exclusion 3. That the 1844 Edict ended the exclusion and enabled Jews to immigrate to Palestine 4. That the Edict brought about the fulfilment of the prophecy concerning the "times of the Gentiles". By extension it was the Christian maltreatment of Jews in Europe and elsewhere that prompted the large migration in the 19th and particularly in the 20th century. [Sours p77] |
Edict of Toleration (1844); Jews; - Judaism; History (general); Prophecies; Israel; Palestine; Istanbul, Turkey; Turkey | |
1844 3 Apr 184- |
In Kitáb Fihrist, the Báb stated that the first descent of Spirit on Him was on 15th of the third month (Rabi ul Awal) of AH 1260 [3 April 1844]. [The Genesis of the Bâbí-Baháʼí Faiths in Shíráz and Fárs pp. 20–22] | * Báb, The (chronology); Báb, Declaration of; Shíráz, Iran; Iran | |
1844 22 May 184- |
Declaration of the Báb's Mission
Two hours and eleven minutes after sunset Siyyid `Alí-Muhammad made His declaration to Mullá Husayn-i-Bushrú'í in the upper room of His House. [DB52-65] "I am, I am, I am, the promised One! I am the One whose name you have for a thousand years invoked, at whose mention you have risen, whose advent you have longed to witness, and the hour of whose Revelation you have prayed God to hasten. Verily I say, it is incumbent upon the peoples of both the East and the West to obey My word and to pledge allegiance to My person." [DB315-316]
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* Báb, The (chronology); Báb, Declaration of; Holy days; * Báb, Writings of; Mulla Husayn; Qayyumul-Asma (book); Surih of Joseph; Tahirih (Qurratu'l-'Ayn, Zarrín-Táj); * Báb, The (chronology); Cycles, Eras, Ages and Epochs; Heroic age; Qaim; Promised One; - Basic timeline, Condensed; - Basic timeline, Expanded; * Báb, The, Basic timeline; Mubarak (servant); - Letters of the Living; Fiddih; Báb, House of (Shiraz); 1844; Prophecies; Shíráz, Iran; Iran; Millennialism; William Miller | First, the greatest, and mightiest of all books in the Bábí Dispensation |
1844 23 May 184- |
The birth of `Abdu'l-Bahá in a rented house near the Shimrán Gate in Tihrán. He was born at midnight. [AB9, SoG3-4]
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* `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); * Bahaullah (chronology); Báb, Declaration of; - Births and deaths; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; * `Abdu'l-Bahá, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Names and titles; Tehran, Iran; Iran | |
1844 24 May 184- |
F.B. Morse sent the first telegraphic message over an experimental line from Washington D.C. to Baltimore; the message said: "What hath God wrought?" which is a verse from The Book of Numbers 23:23. Also see The Book of Job 38:35 where it says "Canst thou send lightnings, that they may go and say unto thee, Here we are?" [Thief in the Night or The Strange Case of the Missing Millennium by William Sears p3-4] | Communication; Telegraph; Morse code; Firsts, other; History (general); Washington, DC, USA; Baltimore, MD; United States (USA) | The first telegraphic message. |
1844 Jul - Aug 184- |
Forty days after the Declaration of the Báb, the second Letter of the Living, Mullá `Alíy-i-Bastámí, had a vision that led him to Mullá Husayn and he accepted the Báb. During this period of waiting for the second person to recognize the Báb, He called Mulla Husayn to His house several times. He always came at night and stayed until dawn. [HotD41; Bahá'í Encyclopedia].
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* Báb, The (chronology); Báb, Declaration of; Mulla Ali Bastami; Dreams and visions; Mulla Husayn; - Letters of the Living; Quddus; Tahirih (Qurratu'l-'Ayn, Zarrín-Táj); * Báb, The, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Iran | |
1844 Jul - Aug 184- |
The intention of the Báb was to introduce the new Revelation slowly so as not to cause estrangement. He instructed the Letters of the Living to spread out and teach His Faith and to this end He assigned each one a special task, most often to their own native provinces. This is analogous to Christ's instructions to His disciples. He instructed them to record the name of every believer who embraced the Faith and to send their lists to His uncle, Hájí Mírzá 'Alí in Shíráz in a sealed envelope. His intention was to classify these lists once received into 18 sets of names with 19 names each (one Vahid meaning "Unity"). A list with the names of 18 Letters of the Living plus His own name would constitute the 19th set making one Kull-i-Shay (meaning "all things" with a value of 361). Thus fourteen Letters of the Living were dispatched; only Mullá Husayn and Quddús remained with Him. [BBRSM14–16, 36; SWB119; BBR2p36; DB92–4, 123; MH82–6; SBBH1:19]
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* Báb, The (chronology); * Báb, Writings of; Báb, Speech to the Letters of the Living; - Letters of the Living; Mulla Husayn; * Bahaullah (chronology); Tablets of the Báb to Bahá'u'lláh; - Shahs; Mulla Jafar (sifter of wheat); Muhammad Sháh; Sultán `Abdu'l-Majid; - First believers; - Letters of the Living; * Báb, The, Basic timeline; * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Kull-i-Shay; Kashan, Iran; Shíráz, Iran; Isfahan, Iran; Tehran, Iran; Mazandaran, Iran; Khurásán, Iran; Qom, Iran; Iran; Turkey | First to embrace the Cause of the Báb in the city of Isfahán; first of a number of unsuccessful attempts to enlist aid of Muhammad Sháh |
1844 Jul - Aug 184- |
To promote the Cause of the Báb, Bahá'u'lláh immediately journeyed to the village of Tákur in the province of Mázindarán, His native province. As a result Mázindarán in general and Núr in particular were the first among the provinces and districts of Persia to embrace the new Cause. [DB109-117] | * Bahaullah (chronology); * Bahá'u'lláh, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Takur, Iran; Iran | first provinces and districts of Persia to embrace the Cause of the Bab. |
1844 11 Aug 184- |
The Báb sent Mullá `Alíy-i-Bastámí to Najaf and Karbalá to proclaim His Cause among the Shaykhís. In Najaf Mullá `Alí delivered a letter from the Báb to Shaykh Muhammad-Hasan Najafí, the leading Shí`í divine and the keeper of the shrines in Iraq. [BBRSM15; DB87-91; SBBH20–1, HotD46]
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* Báb, The (chronology); Mulla Ali Bastami; Ulama; Persecution, Iraq; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution; Shaykhism; Firsts, other; Trials; Court cases; - Persecution, Court cases; - Letters of the Living; Istanbul, Turkey; Turkey; Iraq; Baghdad, Iraq; Najaf, Iran; Karbala, Iraq | First martyr of the Bábí Dispensation; first major challenge to Babism from a Shaykhí leader |
1844 10 Sep 184- |
The Báb left Shiraz for Bushihr and arrived on the 19th of September. [The Genesis of the Bábi-Bahá'í Faiths in Shíráz and Fárs p35 by A. Rabbani] | * Báb, The (chronology); Báb, Pilgrimage of; Shíráz, Iran; Bushihr, Iran | |
1844 30 Sep 184- |
The Báb received the letter from Mullá Husayn giving Him details of his journey and meeting with Bahá'u'lláh and others he had contacted. See DB126-128 for information on the letter and the affect it had on the Báb.
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* Báb, The (chronology); Báb, Pilgrimage of; Mulla Husayn; * Bahaullah (chronology); - Letters of the Living; Shíráz, Iran; Bushihr, Iran; Iran | |
1844 Oct 184- |
Pigrimage of the Báb The Báb, Quddús (Hájí Mullá Muhammad-`Alíy-i-Barfurúshí) and the Báb's Ethiopian servant, Mubarak, left Shíráz for Búshihr en route to Mecca. The journey took ten days. [Bab57; DB129; MH119] |
* Báb, The (chronology); Báb, Pilgrimage of; Quddus; Servants; Mubarak (servant); - Letters of the Living; * Báb, The, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Iran; Saudi Arabia; Shíráz, Iran; Bushihr, Iran; Mecca, Saudi Arabia | |
1844 2 or 3 Oct 184- |
The Báb departed from Búshihr on His pilgrimage. [Bab57; MH119, 121, GPB9]
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* Báb, The (chronology); Báb, Pilgrimage of; Mulla Husayn; Ships; Industrial Revolution; Karbala, Iraq; Iraq; Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Arabia; Muscat, Oman | |
1844 (In the year) 184- |
A senior cleric, a convert to the new faith of the Báb, arrived in Yemen through the then internationally renowned Al-Mokha port. [Arab News 20/11/2020] | Yemen | |
1844 c. Dec 184- |
The Báb and His companions arrived in Jiddah after a rough sea voyage of two months. There they put on the garb of the pilgrim and proceed to Mecca by camel. [Bab71; DB129, 132]
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* Báb, The (chronology); Báb, Pilgrimage of; Quddus; Ships; Camels; Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Arabia; Mecca, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Arabia; - Báb, Writings, Stolen | |
1844 12 Dec 184- |
The Báb arrived in Mecca and performed the rites of pilgrimage in company with 100,000 other pilgrims. [GPB9]
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* Báb, The (chronology); Báb, Pilgrimage of; * Báb, The, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Mecca, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Arabia | |
1844 20 - 21 Dec 184- |
The Báb offered 19 lambs as a sacrifice in the prescribed manner, nine in His own name, seven in the name of Quddús and three in the name of Mubarak, His Ethiopian servant, distributing the meat to the poor and needy. [B71; DB133] | * Báb, The (chronology); Báb, Pilgrimage of; Quddus; Mubarak (servant); Mecca, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Arabia | |
1844 c. 20 Dec 184- |
The Báb made a declaration of His mission by standing at the Ka`bih, holding the ring of the door and repeating three times that He is the Qá'im.
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* Báb, The (chronology); Báb, Pilgrimage of; Kaaba (Mecca); Qaim; Mírzá Muhammad-Husayn-i-Kirmani (Muhit); Mírzá Muhit; Shaykhism; Sharif of Mecca; * Báb, The, Basic timeline; - Basic timeline, Expanded; * Báb, Writings of; Mecca, Saudi Arabia; Saudi Arabia |
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