Published academic articles and papers

A

Abdo, Lil

Female Representations of the Holy Spirit in Bahá'í and Christian writings and their implications for gender roles, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 4.1 (1994), counters feminist theologian Mary Daly's argument that a male representation of God reinforces patriarchy with the suggestion that sexual equality is independent of, and unrelated to, gender images of the Divine.
Abizadeh, Arash
"Because Bahá'u'lláh said so": dealing with a non-starter in moral reasoning, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 5.1 (1995), discusses a popular but misleading versus more philosophically responsible approaches to revelation.
Anonymous
The Kitab-i-Aqdas: its place in Bahá'í literature offers a broad introduction to the Aqdas and its themes. Published in numerous places.
Some Notes on Baha'i Proofs Based on the Qur'an, prepared by the NSA of Central & East Africa and later published by the UK NSA, is an annotated collection of quotations from the Qur'an relating to Baha'i teachings.
The Story of Mona, a history of Mona Mahmudnizhad and those who were martyred with her published as background for the video "Mona with the Children." (Thornhill: Bahá'í Canada Publications, 1985.) (offsite)
Farzam Arbab
The Process of Social Transformation contrasts Bahá'í concepts of social change with other common paradigms. Published in The Bahá'í Faith and Marxism (Ottawa: Bahá'í Studies Publications, 1987)
Armstrong-Ingram, R. Jackson
Considerations in Setting Sacred Text for the Mashriqu'l- Adhkar was originally presented as a serial in the quarterly journal Arts Dialogue in 1996.
The Use of Generative Imagery in Shoghi Effendi's The Dispensation of Bahá'u'lláh examines metaphors such as "conception," "offspring," and "seed" in some of the Guardian's writings.

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B

Bach, Marcus
The Baha'i Faith is a chapter from the book They have Found a Faith (Indianapolis: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1946) that offers an outsider's view of the Baha'i community from a "faith-based" perspective.
Beckwith, Francis J.
Bahá'í-Christian Dialogue: Some Key Issues Considered, from the Christian Research Journal (Winter/Spring 1989), is a Christian apologist's critique of some key Bahá'í doctrines. Its criticisms of the Faith are mostly theological and not simply polemical.
Bishop, Helen Reed
The Kitáb-i-Íqán: Introduction, prefacing the 1950 edition of the Íqán, discusses some of its themes and historical context. (Wilmette: Baháií Publishing Committee, 1950)
Brown, Keven
Are 'Abdu'l-Bahá's views on evolution original?, published in the Baha'i Studies Review 7 (1997) argues that these teachings are based on the Platonic metaphysics of Judeo-Christian-Islamic doctrine that the formation of all things is by God's creative power. Followed by commentary by Steven Friberg.
Brief Discusion of the Primal Will in the Bahá'í Writings, published in Bahá'í Studies Bulletin Vol 4:2 (January, 1990), looks at some Neoplatonic concepts in Bahá'í metaphysics.
Browne, Edward Granville
The article Babism, published as a chapter in the book Religious Systems of the World (London: Swann Sonnenschein, 1901), pp. 333-53, provides a complete overview of the background and history of Babism.
The lengthy "Personal Reminiscences of the Babi Insurrection at Zanjan in 1850" was published in the Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society Vol. 29 (1897), pages 761-827:
1. Browne's Remarks on the Azalis of Cyprus (pages 761-770)
2. Browne's Translation of the Chronicle of `Abdu'l-Ahad Zanjani (pages 770-827)
3. Persian text (offsite at H-Bahá'í)
Bruwer, Michael
The Poetry of Loving: Family Therapy and the Bahá'í Faith was published in the Bahá'í Studies Notebook 3:1-2 (1983).
Buck, Christopher
Bahá'u'lláh as Zoroastrian saviour, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 8 (1998), examines the Baha'i view of Zoroastrianism to understand tensions between scholarship and "messiahship" and topics such as proof texts and prophecy.
Native Messengers of God in Canada?: A test case for Bahá'í universalism, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 6 (1996), discusses the possibility of including other great religious figures in the Baha'i category of "Manifestations of God" using the Iroquois prophet Deganawida as an example. Followed by a commentary by William Collins.
Unique Eschatological Interface, A: Bahá'u'lláh and Cross-Cultural Messianism, published in Peter Smith, ed., In Iran: Studies in Bábí and Bahá'í History vol. 3 (Los Angeles: Kalimat Press, 1986) 157-180 traces themes of messianism through the Occidental religions.

C

Cetin, Onder
Recognition and Identity: The Case of Baha'i Faith, published in the Turkish Journal of International Relations, 1:1, spring 2002, casts the Baha'i Faith in a Hegelian model. (offsite)
Cobb, Stanwood
The Unity of Nations, published in the The Bahá'í World (vol. 7 [1938], pp. 693-97), looks six decades into the future to envision the Lesser Peace.
Coe, Roger
Communication: The Key to Expansion, published in Baha'i News February 1986, discusses the use of technology by and its impact upon Baha'i scholarship.
Organic Order, An: An Approach to the Philosophy of Baha'u'llah through the Writings of Shoghi Effendi, published in The Vision of Shoghi Effendi (Ottawa: Association for Baha'i Studies, 1993), contemplates the structure of the Administrative Order.
Cole, Juan
The Concept of Manifestation in the Baha'i Writings, originally published as Baha'i Studies monograph 9 (1982), provides a lengthy overview of Baha'i theology and prophetology and their Islamic roots.
Interpretation in the Bahá'í Faith, published in Baha'i Studies Review vol. 5.1 (1995), discusses the methods and practice of interpretation of Baha'i scripture.

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D

Dahl, Arthur Lyon
The Bahá'í Faith: a Future-Oriented Religion, published in Future Generations Journal 22:1 (1997), analyzes the rise and fall of civilizations as regards future human development.
Environmental Protection from a Baha'i Perspective, published in Naturopa no. 83 (1997), discusses the place of the natural world in the Baha'i teachings.
Danesh, Hossain B.
The Development and Dimensions of Love in Marriage, published in the Bahá'í Studies Notebook 3:1-2 (1983), describes love from an experiential and a phenomenological perspective using concepts derived from Bahá'í teachings.
Danesh, John: see Seena Fazel, below

Danesh, Tahirih T.
Persecution of the Baha'i Community of Iran Under the Islamic Republic — Twenty Years of Religious Intolerance, posted (offsite) in the Landegg Academy journal Converge 1:1 (Winter 2000), describes some of the persecutions of the Baha'i community in Iran over the past twenty years
Diessner, Rhett
Action Research posted (offsite) in the Landegg Academy journal Converge 1:1 (Winter 2000), explains that the purpose of action research is "transformative action," action that makes a difference in the life-worlds of both the researcher and the researched.

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E

Easton, Peter
Bahaism—A Warning, from the London journal Evangelical Christendom (Sept.-Oct. 1911), is an uninformed and unsympathetic opinion piece included for historical interest; republished as an appendix to Gulpaygani's The Brilliant Proof (Kalimat Press, 1998).
Enáyat, Mohsen
A Commentary on the Azhar's Statement regarding "Baha'is and Baha'ism," published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 2.1 (1992), responds to an official 1986 pronouncement on the Faith by this prominent Egyptian university.
Eyford , Ruth and Helgi Eyford
Marriage: the Eternal Principle, published in the Bahá'í Studies Notebook 3:1-2 (1983), examines the role marriage plays in man's endeavor "to know and to worship God"; the practical implications ofmarriage; secular answers to marital problems; and marital therapy.
F

Faizi, Abu'l-Qasim
A Flame of Fire, a biography of the recipient of the Persian Lawh-i-Ahmad. New Delhi: Baha'i Publishing Trust of India, 1969, 23 pages.
Fananapazir, Khazeh
The Day of God (Yawmu'lláh) and the Days of God (Ayyámu'lláh), an unedited, early draft of an article later published in Scripture and Revelation (ed. Moojan Momen [Oxford: George Ronald, 1997]), compares Biblical and Islamic antecedents of the symbol of the "Day of God."
Fananapazir, Khazeh and Seena Fazel
"A Bahá'í Approach to the Claim of Finality in Islam published in the Journal of Bahá'í Studies (5:3 [1993]), surveys the terms "prophet" and "seal," and offers a Baha'i reconciliation of these terms with progressive revelation.
Some Interpretive Principles in the Bahá'í Writings, published in the Baha'i Studies Review 2.1 (1992), discusses aspects of hermeneutics and authorized interpretation. Followed by commentary by Sen McGlinn.
The Station of the Kitab-i-Iqan, published in the Bahá'í Studies Review vol. 3.1 (1993), presents "a review of the rank and station of the Iqan according to the primary Bahá'í literature."
Fazel, Seena
The Bahá'í Faith and Academic Journals, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 3.2 (1993), describes the major academic indexes appropriate to Bahá'í studies; citation statistics are included.
Inheritance, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 4.1 (1994), addresses the apparent contradiction between sexual equality and the unequal inheritance laws contained in the Aqdas.
Interreligious Dialogue and the Bahá'í Faith: Some Preliminary Observations, published in Jack McLean, ed., Revisioning the Sacred: New Perspectives on a Bahá'í Theology (SBBR 8: Los Angeles: Kalimat Press, 1997), 137-152), provides an overview of pluralistic approaches and their relevance to Bahá'í studies.
Introduction to Abdu'l-Baha's "Interview with Pasteur Monnier on Christianity, published in the Bahá'í Studies Review, vol. 3:1 (1993). (See also the original interview, published in 1916 in Abdul Baha on Divine Philosophy, trans. anonymous, and partially retranslated by Khazeh Fananapazir for the Bahá'í Studies Review.)
Is the Bahá'í Faith a World Religion? published in the Journal of Bahá'í Studies (6:1 [1994]), endeavors to present criteria for the labels "world religion" and "new religious movement" to demonstrate that the Bahá'í Faith is best categorized as a "world religion."
Understanding Exclusivist Texts, a draft of an article published in Scripture and Revelation (ed. Moojan Momen [Oxford: George Ronald, 1997]), observes that contemporary religions, esp. Christianity, must examine their exclusivist claims to account for other paths to salvation.
Fazel, Seena and John Danesh
Bahá'í Scholarship: an examination using citation analysis, published in the Bahá'í Studies Review 5:1 (1995), examines "references of articles in major Bahá'í studies journals published during 1978-83 and 1988-93 to study trends in Bahá'í scholarship."
Fazel, Seena and Graham Hassall
100 Years of the Bahá'í Faith in Europe, published in Payam-i-Bahá'í No. 228 (November 1998), 15-24; and Bahá'í Studies Review 8 (1998), 35-44. (on the Asia-Pacific site)
Finch, Trevor
Unclipping the Wings: A Survey of Secondary Literature in English on Bahá'í Perspectives on Women, published in the Bahá'í Studies Review 4:1 (1994), provides a comprehensive discussion of writings on Bahá'í women and women's issues.

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G

Ghadirian, 'Abdu'l-Missagh
Human Responses to Life Stress and Suffering, published in the Bahá'í Studies Notebook 3:1-2 (1983), includes discussion of the experiences of Bahá'í martyrs.
Ghanea-Hercock, Nazila
A review of secondary literature in English on recent persecutions of Bahá'ís in Iran, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 7 (1997) addresses issues of misinformation, perceived favoritism under the Shah's regime, charges of espionage, and theological conflicts with Islam as motives for the persecution of Baha'is. Followed by commentaries by Erin Murphy Graham and Felicity Rawlings.
Graham, Bryan
The Bahá'í Faith and economics: a review and synthesis, published in the Bahá'í Studies Review vol. 7 (1997), exhaustively reviews the secondary literature on the subject and "discusses some important issues of methodology."
H

Haddad, Anton
Divine Revelation: The Basis of All Civilization, a commentary on the influence of the Prophets on human society. Published New York: The Board of Counsel, 1902, 24 pages.

Harper, Orrol L.
A Bird's-Eye View of the World in the Year 2000, published in Star of the West (vol. 15, no. 7 [October 1924], pp. 189-96), is a fanciful and optomistic vision of life in the Twenty-first Century.
Hassall, Graham
Australian Women and Religious Change: Margaret Dixson and the first Melbourne Bahá'ís, published in Proceedings of the Association for Bahá'í Studies (Australia, 1988). (on the Asia-Pacific site)
Bahá'í Community of Randwick, The: A Survey of 75 Years, published in Australian Bahá'í Studies 1:1 (1999). (on the Asia-Pacific site)
Bahá'í Faith in the Asia Pacific, The: Issues and Prospects, published in Bahá'í Studies Review 6 (1996), 1-10.
Bahá'í History in the Formative Age: the World Crusade, 1953-1963, published in Journal of Bahá'í Studies 6:4 (1996), 1-21. (on the Asia-Pacific site)
Contemporary Governance and Conflict Resolution: A Bahá'í Reading, published in C. Lerche, ed., Emergence III: Conflict Resolution (forthcoming)
Failure of the Tommy Kabu Movement, The: A Reassessment of the Evidence, published in Pacific Studies 14:2 (March 1991). (on the Asia-Pacific site)
Harold and Florence Fitzner: Knights of Bahá'u'lláh to Portuguese Timor, published in Clair Vreeland, ed., And the Trees Clapped their Hands: Stories of Bahá'í Pioneers (Oxford: George Ronald), 320-332.
Hilda Brooks and the Australian Baha'i Community, published in Sitarih 'Ala'í & Colleen Daws, eds., The Role of Women in an Advancing Civilization (Australia: Association for Bahá'í Studies, 1989).
Notes on the Bábí and Bahá'í Religions in Russia and its territories, published in Journal of Bahá'í Studies 5:3 (1993), pp. 41-80, 86. (on the Asia-Pacific site)
"Outpost of a World Religion": The Baha'i Faith in Australia 1920-1947, published in Journal of Religious History, 16:3 (June 1991), 315-338. (on the Asia-Pacific site)
Pacific Bahá'í Communities 1950-1964, published in Donald H. Rubinstein, ed., Pacific History: Papers from the 8th Pacific History Association Conference (Guam: University of Guam Press & Micronesian Area Research Center, 1992), pp. 73-95.
Persian Bahá'ís in Australia, published in Abe Ata, ed., Religion and Ethnic Identity: An Australian Study (Melbourne: Victoria College & Spectrum, 1989).
State and Society: Implications of the Most Holy Book, published in The Kitab-i-Aqdas (Sydney: Association for Bahá'í Studies, 1996). (on the Asia-Pacific site)
Yerrinbool Baha'i School 1938 - 1988, published in Yerrinbool Bahá'í School 1938-1988: An Account of the First Fifty Years (Canberra: CPN Publications, 1988), 29 pp. (on the Asia-Pacific site)
Hassall, Graham and Seena Fazel
100 Years of the Bahá'í Faith in Europe, published in Payam-i-Bahá'í No. 228 (November 1998), 15-24; and Bahá'í Studies Review 8 (1998), 35-44. (on the Asia-Pacific site)
Hassall, Graham and William Barnes
Bahá'í Communities in the Asia-Pacific: Performing Common Theology and Cultural Diversity on a "Spiritual Axis," published in Proceedings of the Association for Bahá'í Studies Australia and New Zealand Conference, Auckland, July 1998.
Hatcher, William S.
The Foundations of Mathematics — An Overview at the Close of the Second Millennium, posted (offsite) in the Landegg Academy journal Converge 1:1 (Winter 2000), posits that foundational study of mathematics has only emerged in this century and discusses its evolutionary growth.
Human Nature and Human Society: A Bahá'í Viewpoint offers an introduction to the Bahá'í understanding of human beings and social structures. Published in The Bahá'í Faith and Marxism (Ottawa: Bahá'í Studies Publications, 1987).
Hoonaard, Will C. van den
"The Bahá'í Community of Canada: A Case Study in the Transplantation of non-Western religious movements to Western societies" is an extract from the author's The Origins of the Bahá'í Community of Canada, 1898-1948.
Night as Frontier: Some Implications for the Bahá'í Community discusses sociological effects of night-shift employment. Draft of article published in Bahá'í Studies Review 7 (1997).
Huddleston, John
A Just System of Government: The Third Dimension to World Peace highlights a few points in the Bahá'í approach to government and collective action. Published in The Bahá'í Faith and Marxism (Ottawa: Bahá'í Studies Publications, 1987).
Hutchinson, Sandra
This Preface to the Diary of Agnes Parsons, recently published by Kalimat Press, discusses 'Abdu'l-Baha's journeys to America and his meetings with Agnes Parsons.

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I-J

Ishraq-Khavari
The Writings of Bahá'u'lláh: Part of a commentary by the renowned scholar `Abdu'l-Hamid-i-Ishraq Khavari, adapted by Habib Tahirzadih for the Bahá'í World vol. 14 pp. 620-32, summarizes many of the early and often untranslated Tablets of Bahá'u'lláh.
K

Khavari, Khalil A.
Marriage and the Nuclear Family: A Bahá'í Perspective, published in the Bahá'í Studies Notebook 3:1-2 (1983), discusses Bahá'í concepts of the purposes of marriage, courtship and dating, family communication, and children.
Kingdon, Geeta Gandhi
Education of women and socio-economic development, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 7 (1997), presents the findings of recent research on the social and the economic benefits of female education, which provides insights as to why Bahá'u'lláh stressed its importance.
Kitzing, Eberhard von
Is the Bahá'í view of evolution compatible with modern science?, published in the Baha'i Studies Review 7 (1997), claims that Baha'i teachings agree with evolution biology that life evolves, but disagree that it is self-created from a trivial origin. Followed by commentary by Steven Friberg. (see also von Kitzing's monograph The Origin of Complex Order in Biology.)
Kluge, Ian
The Call into Being: Introduction to a Baha'i Existentialism, published in Lights of Irfan vol. IV (forthcoming).
L

Lambden, Steven
Doing Bahá'í Scholarship in the 1990s: A Religious Studies Perspective, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 3.2 (1993), argues that Baha'i studies must address contemporary world issues, dialogues in pluralism, the New Age movement, and secular ideologies.
An Episode in the Childhood of the Báb, published in Peter Smith, ed., In Iran: Studies in Bábí and Bahá'í History vol. 3 (Los Angeles: Kalimat Press, 1986) 1-33, parallels legends of the Bab's early childhood with those of Jesus.
Islám, Muhammad and the Qur'án: Some Introductory Notes, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 1.1 (1991), presents Islamic contributions to Western culture and science and discusses the place of Islamic Studies in the Baha'i Faith.
The Word Bahá: Quintessence of the Greatest Name discusses the history of the concept of the Greatest Name and its place in Bahá'í theology. Published in the Bahá'í Studies Review 3:1 (1993), and later revised for the Journal of Bahá'í Studies 8:2 (1998). (See also Lambden's encyclopedia article on the same topic.)
Landau, Richard
The Baha'i Faith and the Environment, published in Encyclopedia of Global Environmental Change volume 5, general ed. R.E. Munn (John Wiley and Sons, 2002), includes a discussion of the participation of the Baha'i International Community in UN-sponsored development and environmental initiatives.

Lawson, Todd
The Dangers of Reading: Inlibration, Communion and Transference in the Qur'án Commentary of the Bab, published in Scripture and Revelation (ed. Moojan Momen [Oxford: George Ronald, 1997]), discusses tafsír (traditional Qur'an commentary) and the writings of the Bab.

Lee, Anthony
Notes on Slavery: Editor's Notes to the second and third editions of Abu'l-Qasim Afnan, Black Pearls: Servants in the Households of the Bab and Bahá'u'lláh (Los Angeles: Kalimat Press, 1988 and 1999[?]).
Leith, Barney
Bahá'í Review: should the "red flag" law be repealed?, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 5.1 (1995), argues that the current provisions for review may be anachronistic and that the benefits of deregulation might outweigh possible disadvantages. Followed by commentaries by Roxanne Lalonde and Sepideh Taheri.
Lewis, Franklin
Scripture as literature: sifting through the layers of the text, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 4.1 (1994), a revised edition of an earlier conference presentation, traces the genres and styles of Bahá'í scripture to antecedent models in Judeo-Christian and Islamic sacred and literary texts.
Translating the Hidden Words: an extended review of Diana Malouf's Unveiling the Hidden Words, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 4.1 (1994), discusses the need for Baha'i academia aimed at a secular audience, specifically the possible need to "update" the Guardian's translations if and when English evolves to the point that 20^th-century English ceases to be widely relevant.
Lewis, Franklin and Puran Stevens
Iranian Refugees in America: A Cross-Cultural Perspective, published by the US Baha'i Refugee Office in 1986, provides a general introduction to Persian culture, history, and customs, designed as an aid in cultural understanding for Americans interacting with Iranian emigrants.

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M

MacEoin, Denis
From Babism to Baha'ism: Problems of Militancy, Quietism, and Conflation in the Construction of a Religion, published in Religion vol. 13 (1983), continues exploring themes first examined in "The Babi Concept of Holy War," from Religion vol. 12, including the diffusion of the Baha'i Faith in the West. Includes examination of the numbers of Babi martyrs.
Hierarchy, Authority and Eschatology in Early Babi Thought, published in Peter Smith, ed., In Iran: Studies in Bábí and Bahá'í History vol. 3 (Los Angeles: Kalimat Press, 1986) 95-141, traces the evolution of the Bab's theology and prophetology.
Still Lives, from New Jerusalems: Reflections on Islam, Fundamentalism, and the Rushdie Affair (London: Grafton Books, 1993), p. 210-222, discusses the nature of private lives and biography in Middle Eastern culture, with brief discussion of Rushdie's Satanic Verses and the lives of Tahirih and Shoghi Effendi.
Maneck, Susan
The Conversion of Religious Minorities to the Baha'i Faith in Iran: Some Preliminary Observations, published in the Journal of Baha'i Studies 3:3 (1990-91), examines conversion patterns, esp. of Zoroastrians and Jews, in the period 1877-1921.
Wisdom and Dissimulation: The Use and Meaning of Hikmat in the Bahá'í Writings and History, published in the Bahá'í Studies Review 6 (1996), examines "hikmat" within the Bahá'í community, especially as it referred to survival strategies in situations of danger or insecurity.
Women in the Bahá'í Faith, excerpted from Religion and Women (Albany: SUNY Press, 1994), examines Bahá'í paradigms of womanhood and some highlights of women's participation in the Faith's history.
Manocha, Inder
Bahá'í Art: Fact or Fiction? published in the Bahá'í Studies Review vol. 3.1 (1993), offers a re-examination of the nature of Bahá'í Art.
Martin, Douglas
This lengthy review of William Miller's The Bahá'í Faith: Its History and Teachings also addresses issues of anti-Bahá'í polemic and historiography. Later published as the monograph Baha'i Studies vol. 4 (Dec 1978).
Ma'sumian, Bijan
Bahá'u'lláh's Seclusion in Kurdistan, published in Deepen magazine, attempts to reconstruct parts of this mostly undocumented period in Bahá'u'lláh's life.
The Realms of Divine Existence as described in the Tablet of All Food, published in Deepen magazine 3.2.2 (Summer 1994), is one of but a few articles that have been written on Bahá'í theoretical theology.
Ma'sumian, Farnaz
Mysticism and the Bahá'í Faith, published in Deepen magazine 6:3 (Spring 1995), provides a short overview of the topic.
McGlinn, Sen
Commentary: Some interpretive principles in the Bahá'í writings, published in Bahá'í Studies Review (vol. 7, 1997), addresses the question of which of Shoghi Effendi writings are "interpretations", and thus permanently binding, and which are not.
Exploring the Mashriqu'l-Adhkar, including "Entry by troops and the institution of the Mashriqu'l-Adhkar," "The House of Worship and the House of Justice," "The Mashriqu'l-Adhkar as a Meeting," and "The Mashriqu'l-Adhkar as a Building." Published in Vizier.
In praise of Individuation. Some thoughts about the critique of western society. Originally published as "Towards the Enlightened Society," in the Bahá'í Studies Review 4.1 (1994). Followed by commentary by Roshan Danesh and Gordon Dicks.
Two versions of "Some considerations relating to the inheritance laws of the Aqdas," one delivered to the Haj Mehdi Arjmand colloquium on the Kitab-i Aqdas and one published in the...
...Bahá'í Studies Review 5:1 (September 1995).
A Theology of the State from the Baha'i Teachings, published in Journal of Church & State 41 (Autumn 1999).

McLean, Jack
"Prolegomena to a Bahá'í Theology, published in the Journal of Bahá'í Studies 5:1, is a groundbreaking and thorough essay on the basic concerns of scholarly Bahá'í theology.
Milani, Kavian Sadeghzade and Leila Rassekh Milani
"The Dalil-i-taqrir and the Hujjiyyat-i-ayat: An Introduction to the Bahá'í-Muslim Polemics," a study of Bahá'í apologetics based largely on the work of Mirsa Abu'l-Fadl, is an early draft of an article later appearing in the Journal of Bahá'í Studies 7:4.
Momen, Moojan
Bahá'u'lláh's prophetology: archetypal patterns in the lives of the founders of the world religions, published in the Baha'i Studies Review 5.1 (1995), explores the theory that the lives of the prophet-founders of the world religions have in some ways re-capitulated each other.
The Cyprus Exiles, published in Bahá'í Studies Bulletin 5:3-6:1 (June 1991), presents the history of Mirza Yahya's family and the four followers of Baha'u'llah exiled with them in Cyprus.
Fundamentalism and Liberalism: Towards an Understanding of the Dichotomy, published in the Bahá'í Studies Review 2:1 (1992), explores these extremes of religious belief an attempt to understand their distinctions and commonalities.
In All the Ways that Matter, Women Don't Count, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 4.1 (1994), argues that the Bahá'í goal of achieving sexual equality cannot be achieved merely by trying to advance the position of women in society, but rather that society itself must be "feminized.
Methodology in Bahá'í studies, published in Bahá'í Studies Review 10 (2001/2), discusses how Bahá'í scholars can interact with a secular academic environment.
The Psychology of Mysticism and its relationship to the Baha'i Faith," published in the Baha'i Studies Bulletin 2:4 (March 1984) contrasts theories of mysticism and its physiological components from the perspective of 20^th-century psychology.
Relativism: A Basis For Bahá'í Metaphysics, published in Studies in Honor of the Late Husayn M. Balyuzi: Studies in the Bábí and Bahá'í Religions vol. 5 (ed. Moojan Momen [Los Angeles: Kalimat Press, 1988], presents "relativism" as a means of reconciling the often widely-divergent theologies of the world's religions.
The Study of Religion: Some Comments On The Methodology Of Studying Religion, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 1.1 (1991), examines reasons for the broad variety of different theoretical frameworks from which to view religious phenomena and the lack of a unified model.
Mottahedeh, Negar
Ruptured Spaces and Effective Histories: The Unveiling of the Babi Poetess Qurrat al-'Ayn-Tahirih in the Gardens of Badasht" examines the implications of Tahirih's revolutionary act at Badasht in terms of a decisive break with Islamic history; Shaykh Abu Turab's recollections of the event and his literary role in Nabil's Dawn-Breakers are addressed.
N

Nakhjavání, Bahíyyih
Exemption, published in the Bahá'í Studies Review vol. 3.1 (1993), examines Bahá'u'lláh's meaning in "exempting" women from certain Bahá'í obligations.
O-P

Parris, John
Scholarship in The Bahá'í Community, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 1.1 (1991), explores intellectual development in the Bahá'í community, showing scholarship to be an avenue of open to all believers and not confined to an elitist few.
Piff, David
Unofficial information and rumour in the Bahá'í community: the case of "The tree they couldn't kill, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 8 (1998), a study of legend and rumor spread via online discussion groups, examines the place of "unofficial information" in the world view and social dynamics of a religious community.
Poirier, Brent
The Flow of Divine Authority, published in Deepen, 3.4:9 (Winter, 1996) and later reprinted in the American Bahá'í, examines the scriptural authority for the Universal House of Justice to function without the presence of a living Guardian of the Cause.

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Q-R

Rabbani, Ahang
`Abdu'l-Baha's Meeting with Two Prominent Iranians gives accounts of Muhammad Qazvini's and Siyyid Hasan Taqizadeh's descriptions of their 1911 meetings with `Abdu'l-Baha in Paris. Preceded by a brief biography of Abdu'l-Baha. Published in 1949 in Yadgar and in 1999 in World Order.
Razavi, Shahriar and Khazeh Fananapazir
Some Observations on John Boykin's "The Bahá'í Faith": Underlying Principles and Approach for a Bahá'í Response, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 2.1 (1992), is a case study in opposition literature and anti-Baha'i polemicism.
Rees, J. D.
"The Bab and Babism," published in Littell's Living Age 210:2720 (August 22, 1896), 451-458. See pages 449, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 457. (offsite)
S

Sabet, Behrooz
An Integrative Approach to Knowledge and Action — A Baha'i Perspective, posted (offsite) in the Landegg Academy journal Converge 1:1 (Winter 2000), presents "a conceptual base for the development of an integrative approach to the study of the Baha'i Faith," based largely on the harmony of science and religion.
Saiedi, Nader
An Introduction to 'Abdu'l-Baha's The Secret of Divine Civilization, posted (offsite) in the Landegg Academy journal Converge 1:1 (Winter 2000), places `Abdu'l-Baha's treatise in its Iranian social and political, analyzes its levels of discourse, and discusses Abdu'l-Baha's vision of modernity.
Savi, Julio
The Love Relationship between God and Humanity: Reflections on Bahá'u'lláh's Hidden Words is a draft of an article later published in Moojan Momen, ed., Scripture and Revelation: Bahá'í Studies vol. 3 (Oxford: George Ronald, 1997).
Will, Knowledge, and Love as Explained in Bahá'u'lláh's Four Valleys, from the Journal of Bahá'í Studies 6:1 (1994), explores "some of the seemingly abstruse concepts" of the Four Valleys.
Schaefer, Udo
"The Baha'i Faith: Sect or Religion?" published as Baha'i Studies vol. 16 (Ottawa: Association for Baha'i Studies, 1988), attempts to define "the distinguishing features of the Baha'i Faith" as contrasted with other contemporary religious movements.
"Baha'u'llah's Unity Paradigm: A Contribution to Interfaith Dialogue on a Global Ethic?," published in Dialogue and Universalism vol. 6.11-12 (Warszawa, Poland, 1996), pp. 23-41. (downloadable as PDF only; mirrored from udoschaefer.com)
"The Balance hath been Appointed": Some Thoughts on the Publication of the Kitab-i-Aqdas, published in the Bahá'í Studies Review 3:1 (1993), examines some of the significances of the Aqdas and the possible impact of its publication upon its Western audience.
Challenges to Bahá'í Studies, published in Bahá'í Studies Review 2:1 (1992), introduces various obstacles Bahá'í scholarship faces.
Infallible Institutions?, published in Bahá'í Studies Review 9 (1999/2000), presents historical and Bahá'í interpretations of infallibility.
"Crime and Punishment: Baha'i Perspectives for a Future Criminal Law," published in Law and International Order. Proceedings of the first European Baha'i Conference on Law and International Order (Depoort, The Netherlands, 8-11 June 1995, proceedings published by the Baha'i Publishing Trust of the UK in Association with Tahirih Institute, London, 1996). (downloadable as PDF only; mirrored from udoschaefer.com)
Ethics for a Global Society, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 4.1 (1994), addresses the collapse of moral order and value systems in the contemporary world, advocating in response a global ethic based on the Kitáb-i-Aqdas.
The new morality: an outline, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 5.1 (1995), proposes that Bahá'u'lláh's ethical teachings rest on metaphysical premises about God and humankind, specifically the teleological and the deontological.
Religious Intolerance as a Source of Violence, from Arun Gandhi, ed., World without Violence: World leaders share their commentaries on world harmony, peace and justice (New Delhi, 1994). (downloadable as PDF only; mirrored from udoschaefer.com)

Smith, Peter and Moojan Momen
The Bábí Movement: A Resource Mobilization Perspective, published in In Iran: Studies in Bábí and Bahá'í History vol. 3 (Los Angeles: Kalimat Press, 1986) pages 33-93, discusses Babism from a sociological standpoint, esp. the place of the Babis in their contemporary cultural and economic classes.
The Bahá'í Faith 1957-1988: A Survey of Contemporary Developments, published in Religion (1989) vol. 19, pp. 63-91, gives a general account of developments in the Bahá'í Faith during these three decades.
Smith, Phillip R.
The Bahá'í Faith and Religious Diversity, published in the Bahá'í Studies Review 1:1 (1991), examines the Bahá'í principal of unity in diversity as opplied to religious pluralism.
Sours, Michael W.
Commentary concerning the differences between Christian and Bahá'í terminology in Dr. Robert Stockman's article "Jesus in the Bahá'í Writings", published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 3.1 (1993), discusses the station and titles of Christ in an attempt to find common ground with Christians.
Seeing With the Eye of God: Relationships Between Theology and Interpretation, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 1.1 (1991), examines the various spheres of interpretation and how their hierarchies reflect theological truth.
Steiner, Roy
The Bahá'í community as a learning organisation, published in the Bahá'í Studies Review vol. 6 (1996), presents ideas about how a "knowledge management system focussed on assisting individuals, communities and institutions" could improve their success. Followed by commentaries by Kambiz Maani and Svenja Tams.
Stockman, Robert
The American Bahá'í Community in the Nineties, a chapter from Dr. Timothy Miller, ed., America's Alternative Religions (Albany: SUNY Press, 1995), offers an overview of the contemporary Baha'i community, its activities, and its concerns.
The Bahá'í Faith: A Portrait, a chapter from Joel Beversluis, ed., A SourceBook for Earth's Community of Religions (Grand Rapids, MI: CoNexus Press, 1995), provides a general introduction to Baha'i history and teachings.
The Bahá'í Faith and Syncretism addresses the common misunderstanding that the Bahá'í Faith is syncretistic. Article first published in the A Resource Guide for the Scholarly Study of the Bahá'í Faith.
Comments about 'Race, Immorality and Money in the American Bahá'í Community: Impeaching the Los Angeles Spiritual Assembly,' published in Religion 93:2 (April 2000), responds to Cole's article in the same issue (online here) analyzing the dissolution of the Bahá'í local assembly of Los Angeles in 1986-88 by the US NSA.
Jesus Christ in the Baha'i Writings, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 2.1 (1992), notes that, while Christians traditionally believe the Gospels to be substantially accurate, little is known about Jesus and what he actually taught; the Baha'i writings fill in many of these gaps.
Revelation, Interpretation, and Elucidation in the Bahá'í Writings, a draft of an article published in Scripture and Revelation (ed. Moojan Momen [Oxford: George Ronald, 1997]), discusses the theological meanings of these three approaches to scripture and their significance in common Bahá'í belief.
Stokes, Jim
The Story of Joseph in Five Religious Traditions, published in World Order, 28:3 (Spring 1997), covers the parable of Joseph in the Hebrew Bible, the New Testament, and Islam. Prefaced by comments by Moojan Momen.
The Story of Joseph in the Bábí and Bahá'í Faiths, published in World Order, 29:2 (Winter 1997-98), continues the above with an examination of the story in the Babi and Baha'i writings.
Suthers, A. E.
A Bahá'í Pontiff (from Moslem World 25 (January, 1935]), a somewhat dismissive discussion of the Bahá'í Faith by a Christian missionary, is useful for the glimpses of Shoghi Effendi it provides.

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T

Ta'eed, Lata
Sex, Gender, and New Age Stereotyping, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 4.1 (1994), advocates the abolishing of culturally produced differences between men and women and challenges gender inconsistencies inherent in many Bahá'í discussions.
Townshend, George
The Hidden Words of Bahá'u'lláh: A Reflection was published in the Bahá'í World vol. III (1928-30), pp. 274-77
The Seven Valleys of Bahá'u'lláh: A Meditation was published in the Bahá'í World vol. VII.
Troxel, Duane
Islam and the Bahá'í Faith: A Brief Guide, a revision of a paper published in Deepen Magazine in 1992 under the title "Islam for Bahá'ís," provides a comprehensive overview of some facts and resources about Islam Baha'is should know when conversing with Muslims.
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Velasco, Ismael
Academic Irrelevance or Disciplinary Blind-Spot? Middle Eastern Studies and the Baha'i Faith Today, published in the Middle East Studies Association Bulletin Winter 2001, examines some of the possible reasons for the lack of attention to Baha'i topics.
Viswanathan, Gandhi M.
The annotated photographic essay Bahá'í Pilgrimage to Israel was published in Pilgrims and Travelers to the Holy Land (eds. B. F. Le Beau and M. Mor; 1996).
W-Z

Linda Walbridge
Rituals: an American Bahá'í dilemma, published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 5.1 (1995), examines the nature of Baha'i "Feasts" and related American observances and formalities.
White, Christopher
Searching for God in time and memory: an examination of Bahá'í prayer as 'remembrance,' published in the Baha'i Studies Review vol. 7 (1997), describes Bahá'í prayer practices as a way to understand the human self and the Divine and overcoming the gap between the two.

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Published academic articles and papers

Abdo, Lil

Abizadeh, Arash

Anonymous

Farzam Arbab

Armstrong-Ingram, R. Jackson

Bach, Marcus

Beckwith, Francis J.

Bishop, Helen Reed

Brown, Keven

Browne, Edward Granville

Bruwer, Michael

Buck, Christopher

Cetin, Onder

Cobb, Stanwood

Coe, Roger

Cole, Juan

Dahl, Arthur Lyon

Danesh, Hossain B.

Danesh, John: see Seena Fazel, below

Danesh, Tahirih T.

Diessner, Rhett

Easton, Peter

Enáyat, Mohsen

Eyford , Ruth and Helgi Eyford

Faizi, Abu'l-Qasim

Fananapazir, Khazeh

Fananapazir, Khazeh and Seena Fazel

Fazel, Seena

Fazel, Seena and John Danesh

Fazel, Seena and Graham Hassall

Finch, Trevor

Ghadirian, 'Abdu'l-Missagh

Ghanea-Hercock, Nazila

Graham, Bryan

Haddad, Anton

Harper, Orrol L.

Hassall, Graham

Hassall, Graham and Seena Fazel

Hassall, Graham and William Barnes

Hatcher, William S.

Hoonaard, Will C. van den

Huddleston, John

Hutchinson, Sandra

I-J

Ishraq-Khavari

Khavari, Khalil A.

Kingdon, Geeta Gandhi

Kitzing, Eberhard von

Kluge, Ian

Lambden, Steven

Landau, Richard

Lawson, Todd

Lee, Anthony

Leith, Barney

Lewis, Franklin

Lewis, Franklin and Puran Stevens

MacEoin, Denis

Maneck, Susan

Manocha, Inder

Martin, Douglas

Ma'sumian, Bijan

Ma'sumian, Farnaz

McGlinn, Sen

McLean, Jack

Milani, Kavian Sadeghzade and Leila Rassekh Milani

Momen, Moojan

Mottahedeh, Negar

Nakhjavání, Bahíyyih

Parris, John

Piff, David

Poirier, Brent

Rabbani, Ahang

Razavi, Shahriar and Khazeh Fananapazir

Rees, J. D.

Sabet, Behrooz

Saiedi, Nader

Savi, Julio

Schaefer, Udo

Smith, Peter and Moojan Momen